Scippy

SCIP

Solving Constraint Integer Programs

Detailed Description

variable upper and lower bound propagator

Author
Stefan Heinz
Jens Schulz
Gerald Gamrath
Marc Pfetsch

This propagator uses global bound information provided by SCIP to deduce global and local bound changes. It can take into account

  • implications (bound change following from specific value of a binary variable)
  • cliques (set of binary variables, each with a corresponding value, of which at most one variable can get the value)
  • variable lower/upper bounds (bounds of arbitrary variables that depend linearly on the value of another variable)

The propagator does not look at a variable in whole, but at one point in time only handles one specific bound (lower or upper) of a variable and deduces changes for lower or upper bounds of other variables. The concept is as follows:

1) Extract variable bound data

Implications and cliques are stored in a way such that given a variable and its new value, we can access all bound changes that can be deduced from setting the variable to that value. However, for variable bounds, this currently does not hold, they are only stored in the other direction, i.e. for a bound of a given variable, we have a list of all other bounds of variables that directly influence the bound of the given variable and a linear function describing how they do this. For the propagation, we need the other direction, thus we store it in the propagator data when the branch-and-bound solving process is about to begin.

2) Topological sorting of bounds of variable

We compute a topological order of the bounds of variables. This is needed to define an order in which we will regard bounds of variables in the propagation process in order to avoid unneccessarily regarding the same variable bound multiple times because it was changed in the meantime when propagating another bound of a variable. Therefore, we implictly regard a directed graph, in which each node corresponds to a bound of a variable and there exists a directed edge from one node to another, if the bound corresponding to the former node influences the bound corresponding to the latter node. This is done by iteratively running a DFS until all nodes were visited. Note that there might be cycles in the graph, which are randomly broken, so the order is only almost topological.

3) Collecting bound changes

For each bound of a variable, which can trigger bound changes of other variables, the propagator catches all events informing about a global change of the bound or a local tightening of the bound. The event handler then adds the bound of the variable to a priority queue, with the key in the priority queue corresponding to the position of the bound in the topological sort.

4) Propagating Bounds

As long as there are bounds contained in the priority queue, the propagator pops one bound from the queue, which is the one most at the beginning of the topological sort, so it should not be influenced by propagating other bounds currently contained in the queue. Starting at this bound, all implication, clique, and variable bound information is used to deduce tigther bounds for other variables and change the bounds, if a tighter one is found. These bound changes trigger an event that will lead to adding the corresponding bound to the priority queue, if it is not contained, yet. The process is iterated until the priority queue contains no more bounds.

Additionally, the propagator analyzes the conflict/clique graph during presolving. It uses Tarjan's algorithm to search for strongly connected components, for each of which all variables can be aggregated to one. Additionally, it may detect invalid assignments of binary variables and fix the variable to the only possible value left.

Definition in file prop_vbounds.c.

#include "blockmemshell/memory.h"
#include "scip/prop_vbounds.h"
#include "scip/pub_event.h"
#include "scip/pub_implics.h"
#include "scip/pub_message.h"
#include "scip/pub_misc.h"
#include "scip/pub_prop.h"
#include "scip/pub_var.h"
#include "scip/scip_conflict.h"
#include "scip/scip_event.h"
#include "scip/scip_general.h"
#include "scip/scip_mem.h"
#include "scip/scip_message.h"
#include "scip/scip_numerics.h"
#include "scip/scip_param.h"
#include "scip/scip_prob.h"
#include "scip/scip_prop.h"
#include "scip/scip_tree.h"
#include "scip/scip_var.h"
#include <string.h>

Go to the source code of this file.

Macros

#define INITMEMSIZE   5
 
#define VISITED   1
 
#define ACTIVE   2
 
Propagator properties
#define PROP_NAME   "vbounds"
 
#define PROP_DESC   "propagates variable upper and lower bounds"
 
#define PROP_TIMING   SCIP_PROPTIMING_BEFORELP | SCIP_PROPTIMING_AFTERLPLOOP
 
#define PROP_PRIORITY   3000000
 
#define PROP_FREQ   1
 
#define PROP_DELAY   FALSE
 
#define PROP_PRESOL_PRIORITY   -90000
 
#define PROP_PRESOLTIMING   SCIP_PRESOLTIMING_MEDIUM | SCIP_PRESOLTIMING_EXHAUSTIVE
 
#define PROP_PRESOL_MAXROUNDS   -1
 
Event handler properties
#define EVENTHDLR_NAME   "vbounds"
 
#define EVENTHDLR_DESC   "bound change event handler for for vbounds propagator"
 
Default parameter values
#define DEFAULT_USEBDWIDENING   TRUE
 
#define DEFAULT_USEIMPLICS   FALSE
 
#define DEFAULT_USECLIQUES   FALSE
 
#define DEFAULT_USEVBOUNDS   TRUE
 
#define DEFAULT_DOTOPOSORT   TRUE
 
#define DEFAULT_SORTCLIQUES   FALSE
 
#define DEFAULT_DETECTCYCLES   FALSE
 
#define DEFAULT_MINNEWCLIQUES   0.1
 
#define DEFAULT_MAXCLIQUESMEDIUM   50.0
 
#define DEFAULT_MAXCLIQUESEXHAUSTIVE   100.0
 
Propagator defines

The propagator works on indices representing a bound of a variable. This index will be called bound index in the following. For a given active variable with problem index i (note that active variables have problem indices between 0 and nactivevariable - 1), the bound index of its lower bound is 2*i, the bound index of its upper bound is 2*i + 1. The other way around, a given bound index i corresponds to the variable with problem index i/2 (rounded down), and to the lower bound, if i is even, to the upper bound if i is odd. The following macros can be used to convert bound index into variable problem index and boundtype and vice versa.

#define getLbIndex(idx)   (2*(idx))
 
#define getUbIndex(idx)   (2*(idx)+1)
 
#define getVarIndex(idx)   ((idx)/2)
 
#define getBoundtype(idx)   (((idx) % 2 == 0) ? SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_LOWER : SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_UPPER)
 
#define isIndexLowerbound(idx)   ((idx) % 2 == 0)
 
#define getBoundString(lower)   ((lower) ? "lb" : "ub")
 
#define getBoundtypeString(type)   ((type) == SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_LOWER ? "lower" : "upper")
 
#define indexGetBoundString(idx)   (getBoundString(isIndexLowerbound(idx)))
 
#define getOtherBoundIndex(idx)   ((idx) + 1 - 2 * ((idx) % 2))
 

Typedefs

typedef struct InferInfo INFERINFO
 

Functions

static INFERINFO intToInferInfo (int i)
 
static int inferInfoToInt (INFERINFO inferinfo)
 
static SCIP_BOUNDTYPE inferInfoGetBoundtype (INFERINFO inferinfo)
 
static int inferInfoGetPos (INFERINFO inferinfo)
 
static INFERINFO getInferInfo (int pos, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE boundtype)
 
static int varGetLbIndex (SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata, SCIP_VAR *var)
 
static int varGetUbIndex (SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata, SCIP_VAR *var)
 
static void resetPropdata (SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE catchEvents (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE dropEvents (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE addVbound (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata, int startidx, int endidx, SCIP_Real coef, SCIP_Real constant)
 
static SCIP_DECL_SORTPTRCOMP (compVarboundIndices)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE extractCycle (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata, int *dfsstack, int *stacknextedge, int stacksize, SCIP_Bool samebound, SCIP_Bool *infeasible)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE dfs (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata, int startnode, int *visited, int *dfsstack, int *stacknextedge, int *dfsnodes, int *ndfsnodes, SCIP_Bool *infeasible)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE topologicalSort (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata, SCIP_Bool *infeasible)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE initData (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROP *prop, SCIP_Bool *infeasible)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE resolvePropagation (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata, SCIP_VAR *var, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE boundtype, SCIP_BDCHGIDX *bdchgidx)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE relaxVbdvar (SCIP *scip, SCIP_VAR *var, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE boundtype, SCIP_BDCHGIDX *bdchgidx, SCIP_Real relaxedbd)
 
static SCIP_Real computeRelaxedLowerbound (SCIP *scip, SCIP_VAR *var, SCIP_Real inferlb, SCIP_Real coef, SCIP_Real constant)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE analyzeConflictLowerbound (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata, SCIP_VAR *infervar, SCIP_Real inferlb, SCIP_VAR *vbdvar, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE boundtype, SCIP_Real coef, SCIP_Real constant, SCIP_Bool canwide)
 
static SCIP_Real computeRelaxedUpperbound (SCIP *scip, SCIP_VAR *var, SCIP_Real inferub, SCIP_Real coef, SCIP_Real constant)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE analyzeConflictUpperbound (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata, SCIP_VAR *infervar, SCIP_Real inferub, SCIP_VAR *vbdvar, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE boundtype, SCIP_Real coef, SCIP_Real constant, SCIP_Bool canwide)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE tightenVarLb (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROP *prop, SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata, SCIP_VAR *var, SCIP_Real newlb, SCIP_Bool global, SCIP_VAR *vbdvar, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE boundtype, SCIP_Bool force, SCIP_Real coef, SCIP_Real constant, SCIP_Bool canwide, int *nchgbds, SCIP_RESULT *result)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE tightenVarUb (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROP *prop, SCIP_PROPDATA *propdata, SCIP_VAR *var, SCIP_Real newub, SCIP_Bool global, SCIP_VAR *vbdvar, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE boundtype, SCIP_Bool force, SCIP_Real coef, SCIP_Real constant, SCIP_Bool canwide, int *nchgbds, SCIP_RESULT *result)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE propagateVbounds (SCIP *scip, SCIP_PROP *prop, SCIP_Bool force, SCIP_RESULT *result)
 
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPincludePropVbounds (SCIP *scip)
 
SCIP_Bool SCIPisPropagatedVbounds (SCIP *scip)
 
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPexecPropVbounds (SCIP *scip, SCIP_Bool force, SCIP_RESULT *result)
 
Callback methods of propagator
static SCIP_DECL_PROPCOPY (propCopyVbounds)
 
static SCIP_DECL_PROPFREE (propFreeVbounds)
 
static SCIP_DECL_PROPINITPRE (propInitpreVbounds)
 
static SCIP_DECL_PROPEXITSOL (propExitsolVbounds)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE tarjan (SCIP *scip, int startnode, int *startindex, SCIP_Shortbool *nodeonstack, int *nodeindex, int *nodelowlink, SCIP_Shortbool *nodeinfeasible, int *dfsstack, int *predstackidx, int *stacknextclique, int *stacknextcliquevar, int *topoorder, int *nordered, int *cliquefirstentry, int *cliquecurrentexit, int *sccvars, int *sccstarts, int *nsccs, int *infeasnodes, int *ninfeasnodes, SCIP_Bool *infeasible)
 
static SCIP_RETCODE applyFixingsAndAggregations (SCIP *scip, SCIP_VAR **vars, int *infeasnodes, int ninfeasnodes, SCIP_Shortbool *nodeinfeasible, int *sccvars, int *sccstarts, int nsccs, SCIP_Bool *infeasible, int *nfixedvars, int *naggrvars, SCIP_RESULT *result)
 
static SCIP_DECL_PROPPRESOL (propPresolVbounds)
 
static SCIP_DECL_PROPEXEC (propExecVbounds)
 
static SCIP_DECL_PROPRESPROP (propRespropVbounds)
 
Callback methods of event handler
static SCIP_DECL_EVENTEXEC (eventExecVbound)
 

Macro Definition Documentation

◆ PROP_NAME

#define PROP_NAME   "vbounds"

Definition at line 111 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ PROP_DESC

#define PROP_DESC   "propagates variable upper and lower bounds"

Definition at line 112 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ PROP_TIMING

Definition at line 113 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ PROP_PRIORITY

#define PROP_PRIORITY   3000000

propagator priority

Definition at line 114 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ PROP_FREQ

#define PROP_FREQ   1

propagator frequency

Definition at line 115 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ PROP_DELAY

#define PROP_DELAY   FALSE

should propagation method be delayed, if other propagators found reductions?

Definition at line 116 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ PROP_PRESOL_PRIORITY

#define PROP_PRESOL_PRIORITY   -90000

priority of the presolving method (>= 0: before, < 0: after constraint handlers); combined with presolvers

Definition at line 118 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ PROP_PRESOLTIMING

#define PROP_PRESOLTIMING   SCIP_PRESOLTIMING_MEDIUM | SCIP_PRESOLTIMING_EXHAUSTIVE

Definition at line 119 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ PROP_PRESOL_MAXROUNDS

#define PROP_PRESOL_MAXROUNDS   -1

maximal number of presolving rounds the presolver participates in (-1: no limit)

Definition at line 121 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ EVENTHDLR_NAME

#define EVENTHDLR_NAME   "vbounds"

Definition at line 129 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ EVENTHDLR_DESC

#define EVENTHDLR_DESC   "bound change event handler for for vbounds propagator"

Definition at line 130 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ DEFAULT_USEBDWIDENING

#define DEFAULT_USEBDWIDENING   TRUE

should bound widening be used to initialize conflict analysis?

Definition at line 139 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ DEFAULT_USEIMPLICS

#define DEFAULT_USEIMPLICS   FALSE

should implications be propagated?

Definition at line 140 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ DEFAULT_USECLIQUES

#define DEFAULT_USECLIQUES   FALSE

should cliques be propagated?

Definition at line 141 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ DEFAULT_USEVBOUNDS

#define DEFAULT_USEVBOUNDS   TRUE

should variable bounds be propagated?

Definition at line 142 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ DEFAULT_DOTOPOSORT

#define DEFAULT_DOTOPOSORT   TRUE

should the bounds be topologically sorted in advance?

Definition at line 143 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ DEFAULT_SORTCLIQUES

#define DEFAULT_SORTCLIQUES   FALSE

should cliques be regarded for the topological sort?

Definition at line 144 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ DEFAULT_DETECTCYCLES

#define DEFAULT_DETECTCYCLES   FALSE

should cycles in the variable bound graph be identified?

Definition at line 145 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ DEFAULT_MINNEWCLIQUES

#define DEFAULT_MINNEWCLIQUES   0.1

minimum number of new cliques to trigger another clique table analysis

Definition at line 146 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ DEFAULT_MAXCLIQUESMEDIUM

#define DEFAULT_MAXCLIQUESMEDIUM   50.0

maximum number of cliques per variable to run clique table analysis in medium presolving

Definition at line 148 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ DEFAULT_MAXCLIQUESEXHAUSTIVE

#define DEFAULT_MAXCLIQUESEXHAUSTIVE   100.0

maximum number of cliques per variable to run clique table analysis in exhaustive presolving

Definition at line 150 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ getLbIndex

#define getLbIndex (   idx)    (2*(idx))

Definition at line 165 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ getUbIndex

#define getUbIndex (   idx)    (2*(idx)+1)

Definition at line 166 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ getVarIndex

#define getVarIndex (   idx)    ((idx)/2)

Definition at line 167 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ getBoundtype

#define getBoundtype (   idx)    (((idx) % 2 == 0) ? SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_LOWER : SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_UPPER)

Definition at line 168 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ isIndexLowerbound

#define isIndexLowerbound (   idx)    ((idx) % 2 == 0)

Definition at line 169 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ getBoundString

#define getBoundString (   lower)    ((lower) ? "lb" : "ub")

Definition at line 170 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ getBoundtypeString

#define getBoundtypeString (   type)    ((type) == SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_LOWER ? "lower" : "upper")

Definition at line 171 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ indexGetBoundString

#define indexGetBoundString (   idx)    (getBoundString(isIndexLowerbound(idx)))

Definition at line 172 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ getOtherBoundIndex

#define getOtherBoundIndex (   idx)    ((idx) + 1 - 2 * ((idx) % 2))

Definition at line 173 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ INITMEMSIZE

#define INITMEMSIZE   5

Definition at line 459 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ VISITED

#define VISITED   1

Definition at line 802 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ ACTIVE

#define ACTIVE   2

Definition at line 803 of file prop_vbounds.c.

Typedef Documentation

◆ INFERINFO

typedef struct InferInfo INFERINFO

Definition at line 234 of file prop_vbounds.c.

Function Documentation

◆ intToInferInfo()

static INFERINFO intToInferInfo ( int  i)
static

converts an integer into an inference information

Parameters
iinteger to convert

Definition at line 238 of file prop_vbounds.c.

Referenced by SCIP_DECL_PROPRESPROP().

◆ inferInfoToInt()

static int inferInfoToInt ( INFERINFO  inferinfo)
static

converts an inference information into an int

Parameters
inferinfoinference information to convert

Definition at line 251 of file prop_vbounds.c.

Referenced by tightenVarLb(), and tightenVarUb().

◆ inferInfoGetBoundtype()

static SCIP_BOUNDTYPE inferInfoGetBoundtype ( INFERINFO  inferinfo)
static

returns the propagation rule stored in the inference information

Parameters
inferinfoinference information to convert

Definition at line 260 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_LOWER, and SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_UPPER.

Referenced by SCIP_DECL_PROPRESPROP().

◆ inferInfoGetPos()

static int inferInfoGetPos ( INFERINFO  inferinfo)
static

returns the position stored in the inference information

Parameters
inferinfoinference information to convert

Definition at line 271 of file prop_vbounds.c.

Referenced by SCIP_DECL_PROPRESPROP().

◆ getInferInfo()

static INFERINFO getInferInfo ( int  pos,
SCIP_BOUNDTYPE  boundtype 
)
static

constructs an inference information out of a position of a variable and a boundtype

Parameters
posposition of the variable which forced that propagation
boundtypepropagation rule that deduced the value

Definition at line 280 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_LOWER, and SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_UPPER.

Referenced by tightenVarLb(), and tightenVarUb().

◆ varGetLbIndex()

static int varGetLbIndex ( SCIP_PROPDATA propdata,
SCIP_VAR var 
)
static
Parameters
propdatapropagator data
varvariable to get the index for

Definition at line 302 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References getLbIndex, SCIPhashmapExists(), and SCIPhashmapGetImageInt().

Referenced by dfs(), extractCycle(), initData(), SCIP_DECL_PROPRESPROP(), tightenVarLb(), and tightenVarUb().

◆ varGetUbIndex()

static int varGetUbIndex ( SCIP_PROPDATA propdata,
SCIP_VAR var 
)
static
Parameters
propdatapropagator data
varvariable to get the index for

Definition at line 319 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References getUbIndex, SCIPhashmapExists(), and SCIPhashmapGetImageInt().

Referenced by dfs(), extractCycle(), initData(), SCIP_DECL_PROPRESPROP(), tightenVarLb(), and tightenVarUb().

◆ resetPropdata()

static void resetPropdata ( SCIP_PROPDATA propdata)
static

reset propagation data

Parameters
propdatapropagator data

Definition at line 336 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References FALSE, and NULL.

Referenced by SCIP_DECL_PROPEXITSOL(), and SCIPincludePropVbounds().

◆ catchEvents()

static SCIP_RETCODE catchEvents ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_PROPDATA propdata 
)
static

catches events for variables

Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
propdatapropagator data

Definition at line 354 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References getVarIndex, isIndexLowerbound, NULL, SCIP_Bool, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_EVENTTYPE_GLBCHANGED, SCIP_EVENTTYPE_GUBCHANGED, SCIP_EVENTTYPE_LBTIGHTENED, SCIP_EVENTTYPE_UBTIGHTENED, SCIP_OKAY, SCIPcatchVarEvent(), SCIPvarGetNCliques(), and SCIPvarGetNImpls().

Referenced by initData().

◆ dropEvents()

static SCIP_RETCODE dropEvents ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_PROPDATA propdata 
)
static

drops events for variables

Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
propdatapropagator data

Definition at line 413 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References getVarIndex, isIndexLowerbound, NULL, SCIP_Bool, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_EVENTTYPE_GLBCHANGED, SCIP_EVENTTYPE_GUBCHANGED, SCIP_EVENTTYPE_LBTIGHTENED, SCIP_EVENTTYPE_UBTIGHTENED, SCIP_OKAY, and SCIPdropVarEvent().

Referenced by SCIP_DECL_PROPEXITSOL().

◆ addVbound()

static SCIP_RETCODE addVbound ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_PROPDATA propdata,
int  startidx,
int  endidx,
SCIP_Real  coef,
SCIP_Real  constant 
)
static
Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
propdatapropagator data
startidxindex of bound of variable influencing the other variable
endidxindex of bound of variable which is influenced
coefcoefficient in the variable bound
constantconstant in the variable bound

Definition at line 463 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References INITMEMSIZE, NULL, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_OKAY, SCIPcalcMemGrowSize(), and SCIPreallocMemoryArray.

Referenced by initData().

◆ SCIP_DECL_SORTPTRCOMP()

static SCIP_DECL_SORTPTRCOMP ( compVarboundIndices  )
static

comparison method for two indices in the topoorder array, preferring higher indices because the order is reverse topological

Definition at line 510 of file prop_vbounds.c.

◆ extractCycle()

static SCIP_RETCODE extractCycle ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_PROPDATA propdata,
int *  dfsstack,
int *  stacknextedge,
int  stacksize,
SCIP_Bool  samebound,
SCIP_Bool infeasible 
)
static
Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
propdatapropagator data
dfsstackarray of size number of nodes to store the stack; only needed for performance reasons
stacknextedgearray storing the next edge to be visited in dfs for all nodes on the stack/in the current path; negative numbers represent a clique, positive numbers an implication (smaller numbers) or a variable bound
stacksizecurrent stack size
samebounddoes the cycle contain the same bound twice or both bounds of the same variable?
infeasiblepointer to store whether an infeasibility was detected

Definition at line 522 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References FALSE, getOtherBoundIndex, getVarIndex, indexGetBoundString, isIndexLowerbound, NULL, SCIP_Bool, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_LOWER, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_UPPER, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_OKAY, SCIP_Real, SCIPcliqueGetNVars(), SCIPcliqueGetValues(), SCIPcliqueGetVars(), SCIPcliqueIsEquation(), SCIPdebugMsg, SCIPisEQ(), SCIPisFeasNegative(), SCIPisFeasPositive(), SCIPisGT(), SCIPtightenVarLb(), SCIPtightenVarUb(), SCIPvarGetCliques(), SCIPvarGetImplBounds(), SCIPvarGetImplTypes(), SCIPvarGetImplVars(), SCIPvarGetLbLocal(), SCIPvarGetName(), SCIPvarGetNCliques(), SCIPvarGetNImpls(), SCIPvarGetUbLocal(), TRUE, varGetLbIndex(), and varGetUbIndex().

Referenced by dfs().

◆ dfs()

static SCIP_RETCODE dfs ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_PROPDATA propdata,
int  startnode,
int *  visited,
int *  dfsstack,
int *  stacknextedge,
int *  dfsnodes,
int *  ndfsnodes,
SCIP_Bool infeasible 
)
static

performs depth-first-search in the implicitly given directed graph from the given start index

Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
propdatapropagator data
startnodenode to start the depth-first-search
visitedarray to store for each node, whether it was already visited
dfsstackarray of size number of nodes to store the stack; only needed for performance reasons
stacknextedgearray of size number of nodes to store the next edge to be visited in dfs for all nodes on the stack/in the current path; only needed for performance reasons
dfsnodesarray of nodes that can be reached starting at startnode, in reverse dfs order
ndfsnodespointer to store number of nodes that can be reached starting at startnode
infeasiblepointer to store whether an infeasibility was detected

Definition at line 806 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References ACTIVE, extractCycle(), FALSE, getBoundString, getOtherBoundIndex, getVarIndex, indexGetBoundString, isIndexLowerbound, NULL, SCIP_Bool, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_LOWER, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_OKAY, SCIPcliqueGetNVars(), SCIPcliqueGetValues(), SCIPcliqueGetVars(), SCIPdebugMsg, SCIPisFeasGE(), SCIPvarGetCliques(), SCIPvarGetImplIds(), SCIPvarGetImplTypes(), SCIPvarGetImplVars(), SCIPvarGetLbGlobal(), SCIPvarGetName(), SCIPvarGetNCliques(), SCIPvarGetNImpls(), SCIPvarGetUbGlobal(), SCIPvarIsActive(), TRUE, varGetLbIndex(), varGetUbIndex(), and VISITED.

Referenced by topologicalSort().

◆ topologicalSort()

static SCIP_RETCODE topologicalSort ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_PROPDATA propdata,
SCIP_Bool infeasible 
)
static

sort the bounds of variables topologically

Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
propdatapropagator data
infeasiblepointer to store whether an infeasibility was detected

Definition at line 1130 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References dfs(), NULL, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_OKAY, SCIPallocBufferArray, SCIPallocClearBufferArray, and SCIPfreeBufferArray.

Referenced by initData().

◆ initData()

◆ resolvePropagation()

static SCIP_RETCODE resolvePropagation ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_PROPDATA propdata,
SCIP_VAR var,
SCIP_BOUNDTYPE  boundtype,
SCIP_BDCHGIDX bdchgidx 
)
static

resolves a propagation by adding the variable which implied that bound change

Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
propdatapropagator data
varvariable to be reported
boundtypebound to be reported
bdchgidxthe index of the bound change, representing the point of time where the change took place, or NULL for the current local bounds

Definition at line 1348 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References getBoundtypeString, NULL, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_LOWER, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_UPPER, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_INVALIDDATA, SCIP_OKAY, SCIPABORT, SCIPaddConflictLb(), SCIPaddConflictUb(), SCIPdebugMsg, SCIPerrorMessage, and SCIPvarGetName().

Referenced by analyzeConflictLowerbound(), analyzeConflictUpperbound(), and SCIP_DECL_PROPRESPROP().

◆ relaxVbdvar()

static SCIP_RETCODE relaxVbdvar ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_VAR var,
SCIP_BOUNDTYPE  boundtype,
SCIP_BDCHGIDX bdchgidx,
SCIP_Real  relaxedbd 
)
static

relaxes bound of give variable as long as the given inference bound still leads to a cutoff and add that bound change to the conflict set

Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
varvariable for which the upper bound should be relaxed
boundtypeboundtype used for the variable bound variable
bdchgidxthe index of the bound change, representing the point of time where the change took place, or NULL for the current local bounds
relaxedbdrelaxed bound

Definition at line 1384 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_LOWER, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_UPPER, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_OKAY, SCIPaddConflictRelaxedLb(), and SCIPaddConflictRelaxedUb().

Referenced by analyzeConflictLowerbound(), analyzeConflictUpperbound(), and SCIP_DECL_PROPRESPROP().

◆ computeRelaxedLowerbound()

static SCIP_Real computeRelaxedLowerbound ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_VAR var,
SCIP_Real  inferlb,
SCIP_Real  coef,
SCIP_Real  constant 
)
static

compute the relaxed bound which is sufficient to propagate the inference lower bound of given variable

Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
varvariable which was propagated
inferlbinference lower bound
coefinference variable bound coefficient used
constantinference variable bound constant used

Definition at line 1408 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References SCIP_Real, SCIPadjustedVarLb(), SCIPfeastol(), SCIPgetHugeValue(), SCIPisEQ(), and SCIPvarIsIntegral().

Referenced by analyzeConflictLowerbound(), and SCIP_DECL_PROPRESPROP().

◆ analyzeConflictLowerbound()

static SCIP_RETCODE analyzeConflictLowerbound ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_PROPDATA propdata,
SCIP_VAR infervar,
SCIP_Real  inferlb,
SCIP_VAR vbdvar,
SCIP_BOUNDTYPE  boundtype,
SCIP_Real  coef,
SCIP_Real  constant,
SCIP_Bool  canwide 
)
static

analyzes an infeasibility which was reached by updating the lower bound of the inference variable above its upper bound

Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
propdatapropagator data
infervarvariable which led to a cutoff
inferlblower bound which led to infeasibility
vbdvarvariable which is the reason for the lower bound change
boundtypebound which is the reason for the lower bound change
coefinference variable bound coefficient used
constantinference variable bound constant used
canwidecan bound widening be used (for vbounds) or not (for implications or cliques)

Definition at line 1438 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References computeRelaxedLowerbound(), FALSE, NULL, relaxVbdvar(), resolvePropagation(), SCIP_CALL, SCIP_CONFTYPE_PROPAGATION, SCIP_OKAY, SCIP_Real, SCIP_STAGE_SOLVING, SCIPaddConflictRelaxedUb(), SCIPaddConflictUb(), SCIPadjustedVarLb(), SCIPanalyzeConflict(), SCIPdebugMsg, SCIPfeastol(), SCIPgetConflictVarUb(), SCIPgetStage(), SCIPgetVarUbAtIndex(), SCIPinitConflictAnalysis(), SCIPisConflictAnalysisApplicable(), SCIPisEQ(), SCIPisGT(), SCIPvarGetUbLocal(), SCIPvarIsIntegral(), and TRUE.

Referenced by tightenVarLb().

◆ computeRelaxedUpperbound()

static SCIP_Real computeRelaxedUpperbound ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_VAR var,
SCIP_Real  inferub,
SCIP_Real  coef,
SCIP_Real  constant 
)
static

compute the relaxed bound which is sufficient to propagate the inference upper bound of given variable

Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
varvariable which was propagated
inferubinference upper bound
coefinference variable bound coefficient used
constantinference variable bound constant used

Definition at line 1523 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References SCIP_Real, SCIPadjustedVarUb(), SCIPfeastol(), SCIPgetHugeValue(), SCIPisEQ(), and SCIPvarIsIntegral().

Referenced by analyzeConflictUpperbound(), and SCIP_DECL_PROPRESPROP().

◆ analyzeConflictUpperbound()

static SCIP_RETCODE analyzeConflictUpperbound ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_PROPDATA propdata,
SCIP_VAR infervar,
SCIP_Real  inferub,
SCIP_VAR vbdvar,
SCIP_BOUNDTYPE  boundtype,
SCIP_Real  coef,
SCIP_Real  constant,
SCIP_Bool  canwide 
)
static

analyzes an infeasibility which was reached by updating the upper bound of the inference variable below its lower bound

Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
propdatapropagator data
infervarvariable which led to a cutoff
inferubupper bound which led to infeasibility
vbdvarvariable which is the reason for the upper bound change
boundtypebound which is the reason for the upper bound change
coefinference variable bound coefficient used
constantinference variable bound constant used
canwidecan bound widening be used (for vbounds) or not (for inplications or cliques)

Definition at line 1553 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References computeRelaxedUpperbound(), FALSE, NULL, relaxVbdvar(), resolvePropagation(), SCIP_CALL, SCIP_CONFTYPE_PROPAGATION, SCIP_OKAY, SCIP_Real, SCIP_STAGE_SOLVING, SCIPaddConflictLb(), SCIPaddConflictRelaxedLb(), SCIPadjustedVarUb(), SCIPanalyzeConflict(), SCIPdebugMsg, SCIPfeastol(), SCIPgetConflictVarLb(), SCIPgetStage(), SCIPgetVarLbAtIndex(), SCIPinitConflictAnalysis(), SCIPisConflictAnalysisApplicable(), SCIPisEQ(), SCIPisLT(), SCIPvarGetLbLocal(), SCIPvarIsIntegral(), and TRUE.

Referenced by tightenVarUb().

◆ tightenVarLb()

static SCIP_RETCODE tightenVarLb ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_PROP prop,
SCIP_PROPDATA propdata,
SCIP_VAR var,
SCIP_Real  newlb,
SCIP_Bool  global,
SCIP_VAR vbdvar,
SCIP_BOUNDTYPE  boundtype,
SCIP_Bool  force,
SCIP_Real  coef,
SCIP_Real  constant,
SCIP_Bool  canwide,
int *  nchgbds,
SCIP_RESULT result 
)
static
Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
propvbounds propagator
propdatapropagator data
varvariable whose lower bound should be tightened
newlbnew lower bound for the variable
globalis the bound globally valid?
vbdvarvariable which is the reason for the lower bound change
boundtypebound which is the reason for the lower bound change
forceshould domain changes for continuous variables be forced
coefcoefficient in vbound constraint causing the propagation; or 0.0 if propagation is caused by clique or implication
constantconstant in vbound constraint causing the propagation; or 0.0 if propagation is caused by clique or implication
canwidecan bound widening be used (for vbounds) or not (for inplications or cliques)
nchgbdspointer to increase, if a bound was changed
resultpointer to store the result of the propagation

Definition at line 1637 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References analyzeConflictLowerbound(), FALSE, getBoundtypeString, getInferInfo(), inferInfoToInt(), NULL, SCIP_Bool, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_LOWER, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_CUTOFF, SCIP_OKAY, SCIP_Real, SCIPcutoffNode(), SCIPdebugMsg, SCIPgetRootNode(), SCIPinferVarLbProp(), SCIPisGT(), SCIPtightenVarLbGlobal(), SCIPvarGetLbLocal(), SCIPvarGetName(), SCIPvarGetUbGlobal(), SCIPvarGetUbLocal(), SCIPvarIsIntegral(), TRUE, varGetLbIndex(), and varGetUbIndex().

Referenced by propagateVbounds().

◆ tightenVarUb()

static SCIP_RETCODE tightenVarUb ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_PROP prop,
SCIP_PROPDATA propdata,
SCIP_VAR var,
SCIP_Real  newub,
SCIP_Bool  global,
SCIP_VAR vbdvar,
SCIP_BOUNDTYPE  boundtype,
SCIP_Bool  force,
SCIP_Real  coef,
SCIP_Real  constant,
SCIP_Bool  canwide,
int *  nchgbds,
SCIP_RESULT result 
)
static
Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
propvbounds propagator
propdatapropagator data
varvariable whose upper bound should be tightened
newubnew upper bound of the variable
globalis the bound globally valid?
vbdvarvariable which is the reason for the upper bound change
boundtypebound which is the reason for the upper bound change
forceshould domain changes for continuous variables be forced
coefcoefficient in vbound constraint causing the propagation; or 0.0 if propagation is caused by clique or implication
constantconstant in vbound constraint causing the propagation; or 0.0 if propagation is caused by clique or implication
canwidecan bound widening be used (for vbounds) or not (for inplications or cliques)
nchgbdspointer to increase, if a bound was changed
resultpointer to store the result of the propagation

Definition at line 1721 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References analyzeConflictUpperbound(), FALSE, getBoundtypeString, getInferInfo(), inferInfoToInt(), NULL, SCIP_Bool, SCIP_BOUNDTYPE_LOWER, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_CUTOFF, SCIP_OKAY, SCIP_Real, SCIPcutoffNode(), SCIPdebugMsg, SCIPgetRootNode(), SCIPinferVarUbProp(), SCIPisLT(), SCIPtightenVarUbGlobal(), SCIPvarGetLbGlobal(), SCIPvarGetLbLocal(), SCIPvarGetName(), SCIPvarGetUbLocal(), SCIPvarIsIntegral(), TRUE, varGetLbIndex(), and varGetUbIndex().

Referenced by propagateVbounds().

◆ propagateVbounds()

◆ SCIP_DECL_PROPCOPY()

static SCIP_DECL_PROPCOPY ( propCopyVbounds  )
static

copy method for propagator plugins (called when SCIP copies plugins)

Definition at line 2122 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References NULL, PROP_NAME, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_OKAY, SCIPincludePropVbounds(), and SCIPpropGetName().

◆ SCIP_DECL_PROPFREE()

static SCIP_DECL_PROPFREE ( propFreeVbounds  )
static

destructor of propagator to free user data (called when SCIP is exiting)

Definition at line 2136 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References NULL, SCIP_OKAY, SCIPfreeBlockMemory, SCIPpropGetData(), and SCIPpropSetData().

◆ SCIP_DECL_PROPINITPRE()

static SCIP_DECL_PROPINITPRE ( propInitpreVbounds  )
static

presolving initialization method of propagator (called when presolving is about to begin)

Definition at line 2151 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References NULL, SCIP_OKAY, and SCIPpropGetData().

◆ SCIP_DECL_PROPEXITSOL()

static SCIP_DECL_PROPEXITSOL ( propExitsolVbounds  )
static

solving process deinitialization method of propagator (called before branch and bound process data is freed)

Definition at line 2165 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References dropEvents(), NULL, resetPropdata(), SCIP_CALL, SCIP_OKAY, SCIPfreeBlockMemoryArray, SCIPfreeMemoryArray, SCIPhashmapFree(), SCIPpqueueFree(), and SCIPpropGetData().

◆ tarjan()

static SCIP_RETCODE tarjan ( SCIP scip,
int  startnode,
int *  startindex,
SCIP_Shortbool nodeonstack,
int *  nodeindex,
int *  nodelowlink,
SCIP_Shortbool nodeinfeasible,
int *  dfsstack,
int *  predstackidx,
int *  stacknextclique,
int *  stacknextcliquevar,
int *  topoorder,
int *  nordered,
int *  cliquefirstentry,
int *  cliquecurrentexit,
int *  sccvars,
int *  sccstarts,
int *  nsccs,
int *  infeasnodes,
int *  ninfeasnodes,
SCIP_Bool infeasible 
)
static

performs Tarjan's algorithm for strongly connected components in the implicitly given directed implication graph from the given start index; each variable x is represented by two nodes lb(x) = 2*idx(x) and ub(x) = 2*idx(x)+1 where lb(x) means that the lower bound of x should be changed, i.e., that x is fixed to 1, and vice versa.

The algorithm is an iterative version of Tarjans algorithm (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarjan%27s_strongly_connected_components_algorithm) with some additional tweaks. Each clique x_1 + ... + x_k <= 1 is represented by k(k-1) arcs (lb(x_i),ub(x_j)), j != i. This quadratic number can blow up the running time of Tarjan's algorithm, which is linear in the number of nodes and arcs of the graph. However, it suffices to consider only k of these arcs during the course of the algorithm. To this end, when we first come to a node lb(x_i) of the clique, traverse all arcs (lb(x_i),ub(x_j)) for this particular i, and store that we entered the clique via lb(x_i). Next time we come to any node lb(x_i') of the clique, we know that the only arc pointing to an unvisited node is (lb(x_i'),ub(x_i)), all other edges can be disregarded. After that, we can disregard the clique for the further search. Additionally, we try to identify infeasible fixings for binary variables. Those can be given by a path from x=1 to x=0 (or vice versa) or if x=0 (or 1) implies both y=0 and y=1.

Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
startnodenode to start the depth-first-search
startindexnext index to assign to a processed node
nodeonstackarray to store the whether a each node is on the stack
nodeindexarray to store the dfs index for each node
nodelowlinkarray to store the lowlink for each node
nodeinfeasiblearray to store whether the fixing of a node was detected to be infeasible
dfsstackarray of size number of nodes to store the stack
predstackidxfor each node on the stack: stack position of its predecessor in the Tarjan search
stacknextcliquearray of size number of nodes to store the next clique to be regarded in the algorithm for all nodes on the stack
stacknextcliquevararray of size number of nodes to store the next variable in the next clique to be regarded in the algorithm for all nodes on the stack
topoorderarray with reverse (almost) topological ordering of the nodes
norderednumber of ordered nodes (disconnected nodes are disregarded)
cliquefirstentrynode from which a clique was entered for the first time; needed because when entering the clique a second time, only the other bound corresponding to this node remains to be processed
cliquecurrentexitfor cliques which define an arc on the current path: target node of this arc
sccvarsarray with all nontrivial strongly connected components in the graph
sccstartsstart indices of SCCs in sccvars array; one additional entry at the end to give length of used part of sccvars array
nsccspointer to store number of strongly connected components
infeasnodessparse array with node indices of infeasible nodes
ninfeasnodespointer to store the number of infeasible nodes
infeasiblepointer to store whether an infeasibility was detected

Definition at line 2232 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References FALSE, getBoundString, getLbIndex, getOtherBoundIndex, getUbIndex, getVarIndex, indexGetBoundString, isIndexLowerbound, MIN, NULL, SCIP_Bool, SCIP_OKAY, SCIPcliqueGetIndex(), SCIPcliqueGetNVars(), SCIPcliqueGetValues(), SCIPcliqueGetVars(), SCIPdebugMsg, SCIPdebugMsgPrint, SCIPgetNContVars(), SCIPgetNVars(), SCIPgetVars(), SCIPvarGetCliques(), SCIPvarGetName(), SCIPvarGetNCliques(), SCIPvarGetProbindex(), SCIPvarIsActive(), and TRUE.

Referenced by SCIP_DECL_PROPPRESOL().

◆ applyFixingsAndAggregations()

static SCIP_RETCODE applyFixingsAndAggregations ( SCIP scip,
SCIP_VAR **  vars,
int *  infeasnodes,
int  ninfeasnodes,
SCIP_Shortbool nodeinfeasible,
int *  sccvars,
int *  sccstarts,
int  nsccs,
SCIP_Bool infeasible,
int *  nfixedvars,
int *  naggrvars,
SCIP_RESULT result 
)
static

apply fixings and aggregations found by the clique graph analysis

Parameters
scipSCIP data structure
varsarray of active variables
infeasnodessparse array with node indices of infeasible nodes
ninfeasnodespointer to store the number of infeasible nodes
nodeinfeasiblearray to store whether the fixing of a node was detected to be infeasible
sccvarsarray with all nontrivial strongly connected components in the graph
sccstartsstart indices of SCCs in sccvars array; one additional entry at the end to give length of used part of sccvars array
nsccspointer to store number of strongly connected components
infeasiblepointer to store whether an infeasibility was detected
nfixedvarspointer to number of fixed variables, increment when fixing another one
naggrvarspointer to number of aggregated variables, increment when aggregating another one
resultpointer to store result of the call

Definition at line 2654 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References FALSE, getVarIndex, isIndexLowerbound, NULL, SCIP_Bool, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_OKAY, SCIP_SUCCESS, SCIPaggregateVars(), SCIPdebugMsg, SCIPfixVar(), and SCIPvarGetName().

Referenced by SCIP_DECL_PROPPRESOL().

◆ SCIP_DECL_PROPPRESOL()

static SCIP_DECL_PROPPRESOL ( propPresolVbounds  )
static

presolving method of propagator: search for strongly connected components in the implication graph and aggregate all variables within a component; additionally, identifies infeasible variable assignments as a side product if a path from x=1 to x=0 (or vice versa) is found or x=1 implies both y=0 and y=1 The identification of such assignments depends on the order in which variable bounds are processed; therefore, we are doing a second run with the bounds processed in (almost) topological order.

Definition at line 2773 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References applyFixingsAndAggregations(), BMSclearMemoryArray, FALSE, getLbIndex, getUbIndex, getVarIndex, isIndexLowerbound, NULL, SCIP_Bool, SCIP_CALL, SCIP_CUTOFF, SCIP_DIDNOTFIND, SCIP_DIDNOTRUN, SCIP_OKAY, SCIP_PRESOLTIMING_MEDIUM, SCIP_Shortbool, SCIP_SUCCESS, SCIPallocBufferArray, SCIPallocCleanBufferArray, SCIPallocClearBufferArray, SCIPcleanupCliques(), SCIPduplicateBufferArray, SCIPfreeBufferArray, SCIPfreeCleanBufferArray, SCIPgetNBinVars(), SCIPgetNCliques(), SCIPgetNCliquesCreated(), SCIPgetNContVars(), SCIPgetNVars(), SCIPgetVars(), SCIPpropGetData(), SCIPvarGetProbindex(), and tarjan().

◆ SCIP_DECL_PROPEXEC()

static SCIP_DECL_PROPEXEC ( propExecVbounds  )
static

execution method of propagator

Definition at line 2984 of file prop_vbounds.c.

References FALSE, propagateVbounds(), SCIP_CALL, SCIP_CUTOFF, SCIP_DIDNOTFIND, SCIP_DIDNOTRUN, SCIP_OKAY, and SCIP_REDUCEDDOM.

◆ SCIP_DECL_PROPRESPROP()

◆ SCIP_DECL_EVENTEXEC()