Scippy

SCIP

Solving Constraint Integer Programs

heur_local.c
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2 /* */
3 /* This file is part of the program and library */
4 /* SCIP --- Solving Constraint Integer Programs */
5 /* */
6 /* Copyright (C) 2002-2021 Konrad-Zuse-Zentrum */
7 /* fuer Informationstechnik Berlin */
8 /* */
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15 
16 /**@file heur_local.c
17  * @brief Improvement heuristic for Steiner problems
18  * @author Daniel Rehfeldt
19  *
20  * This file implements several local heuristics, including vertex insertion, key-path exchange and key-vertex elimination,
21  * ("Fast Local Search for Steiner Trees in Graphs" by Uchoa and Werneck). Other heuristics are for PCSTP and MWCSP.
22  *
23  * A list of all interface methods can be found in heur_local.h.
24  *
25  */
26 
27 /*---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+----8----+----9----+----0----+----1----+----2*/
28 
29 #include <assert.h>
30 #include <string.h>
31 
32 #include "heur_local.h"
33 #include "heur_tm.h"
34 #include "probdata_stp.h"
35 
36 
37 /* @note if heuristic is running in root node timing is changed there to (SCIP_HEURTIMING_DURINGLPLOOP |
38  * SCIP_HEURTIMING_BEFORENODE), see SCIP_DECL_HEURINITSOL callback
39  */
40 
41 #define HEUR_NAME "local"
42 #define HEUR_DESC "improvement heuristic for STP"
43 #define HEUR_DISPCHAR '-'
44 #define HEUR_PRIORITY 100
45 #define HEUR_FREQ 1
46 #define HEUR_FREQOFS 0
47 #define HEUR_MAXDEPTH -1
48 #define HEUR_TIMING (SCIP_HEURTIMING_BEFORENODE | SCIP_HEURTIMING_DURINGLPLOOP | SCIP_HEURTIMING_AFTERLPLOOP | SCIP_HEURTIMING_AFTERNODE)
49 
50 #define HEUR_USESSUBSCIP FALSE /**< does the heuristic use a secondary SCIP instance? */
51 
52 #define DEFAULT_DURINGROOT TRUE
53 #define DEFAULT_MAXFREQLOC FALSE
54 #define DEFAULT_MAXNBESTSOLS 25
55 #define DEFAULT_NBESTSOLS 10
56 #define DEFAULT_MINNBESTSOLS 6
57 #define LOCAL_MAXRESTARTS 5
58 
59 #define GREEDY_MAXRESTARTS 3 /**< Max number of restarts for greedy PC/MW heuristic if improving solution has been found. */
60 #define GREEDY_EXTENSIONS_MW 6 /**< Number of extensions for greedy MW heuristic. MUST BE HIGHER THAN GREEDY_EXTENSIONS */
61 #define GREEDY_EXTENSIONS 5 /**< Number of extensions for greedy PC heuristic. */
62 
63 
64 /*
65  * Data structures
66  */
67 
68 /** primal heuristic data */
69 struct SCIP_HeurData
70 {
71  int nfails; /**< number of fails */
72  int maxnsols; /**< maximal number of best solutions to improve */
73  int nbestsols; /**< number of best solutions to improve */
74  int* lastsolindices; /**< indices of a number of best solutions already tried */
75  SCIP_Bool maxfreq; /**< should the heuristic be called with maximum frequency? */
76  SCIP_Bool duringroot; /**< should the heuristic be called during the root node? */
77 };
78 
79 
80 /*
81  * Local methods
82  */
83 
84 /** recursive methode for a DFS ordering of graph 'g' */
85 static
86 void dfsorder(
87  const GRAPH* graph,
88  const int* edges,
89  const int* node,
90  int* counter,
91  int* dfst
92  )
93 {
94  int oedge = graph->outbeg[*node];
95 
96  while( oedge >= 0 )
97  {
98  if( edges[oedge] >= 0 )
99  {
100  dfsorder(graph, edges, &(graph->head[oedge]), counter, dfst);
101  }
102  oedge = graph->oeat[oedge];
103  }
104 
105  dfst[*counter] = *node;
106  (*counter)++;
107 }
108 
109 
110 /** computes lowest common ancestors for all pairs {vbase(v), vbase(u)} such that {u,w} is a boundary edge,
111  * first call should be with u := root */
112 static
114  SCIP* scip,
115  const GRAPH* graph,
116  int u,
117  UF* uf,
118  STP_Bool* nodesmark,
119  int* steineredges,
120  IDX** lcalists,
121  PHNODE** boundpaths,
122  int* heapsize,
123  int* vbase
124  )
125 {
126  int* uboundpaths; /* boundary-paths (each one represented by its boundary edge) having node 'u' as an endpoint */
127  int ancestor;
128  int v;
129  int i;
130  int oedge; /* outgoing edge */
131  IDX* curr;
132  uf->parent[u] = u;
133 
134  for( oedge = graph->outbeg[u]; oedge != EAT_LAST; oedge = graph->oeat[oedge] )
135  {
136  v = graph->head[oedge];
137  if( steineredges[oedge] == 0 )
138  {
139  SCIP_CALL( lca(scip, graph, v, uf, nodesmark, steineredges, lcalists, boundpaths, heapsize, vbase) );
140  SCIPStpunionfindUnion(uf, u, v, FALSE);
141  uf->parent[SCIPStpunionfindFind(uf, u)] = u;
142  }
143  }
144  nodesmark[u] = TRUE;
145 
146  /* iterate through all boundary-paths having one endpoint in the voronoi region of node 'u' */
147  SCIP_CALL( SCIPpairheapBuffarr(scip, boundpaths[u], heapsize[u], &uboundpaths) );
148  for( i = 0; i < heapsize[u]; i++ )
149  {
150  oedge = uboundpaths[i];
151  v = vbase[graph->head[oedge]];
152  if( nodesmark[v] )
153  {
154  ancestor = uf->parent[SCIPStpunionfindFind(uf, v)];
155 
156  /* if the ancestor of 'u' and 'v' is one of the two, the boundary-edge is already in boundpaths[u] */
157  if( ancestor != u && ancestor != v)
158  {
159  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBlockMemory(scip, &curr) );
160  curr->index = oedge;
161  curr->parent = lcalists[ancestor];
162  lcalists[ancestor] = curr;
163  }
164  }
165  }
166 
167  /* free the boundary-paths array */
168  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &uboundpaths);
169 
170  return SCIP_OKAY;
171 }
172 
173 /** checks whether node is crucial, i.e. a terminal or a vertex with degree at least 3 (w.r.t. the steinertree) */
174 static
176  const GRAPH* graph,
177  int* steineredges,
178  int node
179  )
180 {
181  assert(graph != NULL);
182  assert(steineredges != NULL);
183 
184  if( graph->term[node] == -1 )
185  {
186  int counter = 0;
187  int e = graph->outbeg[node];
188  while( e >= 0 )
189  {
190  /* check if the adjacent node is in the ST */
191  if( steineredges[e] > -1 || steineredges[flipedge(e)] > -1 )
192  {
193  counter++;
194  }
195  e = graph->oeat[e];
196  }
197 
198  if( counter < 3 )
199  {
200  return FALSE;
201  }
202  }
203 
204  return TRUE;
205 }
206 
207 /** perform local heuristics on a given Steiner tree todo delete cost parameter */
209  SCIP* scip, /**< SCIP data structure */
210  GRAPH* graph, /**< graph data structure */
211  const SCIP_Real* cost, /**< arc cost array todo delete this parameter and use graph->cost */
212  int* best_result /**< array indicating whether an arc is part of the solution (CONNECTED/UNKNOWN) */
213  )
214 {
215  NODE* nodes;
216  PATH* vnoi;
217  int* vbase;
218  int* const graphmark = graph->mark;
219  int e;
220  int i;
221  int k;
222  const int root = graph->source;
223  const int nnodes = graph->knots;
224  const int nedges = graph->edges;
225  const int probtype = graph->stp_type;
226  int newnverts;
227  STP_Bool* steinertree;
228  const STP_Bool pc = ((probtype == STP_PCSPG) || (probtype == STP_RPCSPG));
229  const STP_Bool mw = (probtype == STP_MWCSP);
230  const STP_Bool mwpc = (pc || mw);
231 #ifndef NDEBUG
232  const SCIP_Real initialobj = graph_sol_getObj(graph->cost, best_result, 0.0, nedges);
233 #endif
234 
235  assert(graph != NULL);
236  assert(cost != NULL);
237  assert(best_result != NULL);
238  assert(graph_valid(graph));
239 
240  newnverts = 0;
241 
242  if( graph->grad[root] == 0 || graph->terms == 1 )
243  return SCIP_OKAY;
244 
245  /* for PC variants test whether solution is trivial */
246  if( mwpc )
247  {
248  for( e = graph->outbeg[root]; e != EAT_LAST; e = graph->oeat[e] )
249  if( !Is_term(graph->term[graph->head[e]]) && best_result[e] )
250  break;
251 
252  if( e == EAT_LAST )
253  {
254  SCIPdebugMessage("Local heuristic: return trivial \n");
255  return SCIP_OKAY;
256  }
257  }
258 
259  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &vnoi, nnodes) );
260  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &vbase, nnodes) );
261  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &nodes, nnodes) );
262  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &steinertree, nnodes) );
263 
264  if( mwpc )
265  {
266  SCIP_Bool dummy;
267  SCIP_CALL( SCIPStpHeurLocalExtendPcMw(scip, graph, cost, vnoi, best_result, steinertree, &dummy) );
268  }
269 
270  for( i = 0; i < nnodes; i++ )
271  {
272  steinertree[i] = FALSE;
273  SCIPlinkcuttreeInit(&nodes[i]);
274  }
275 
276  /* create a link-cut tree representing the current Steiner tree */
277  for( e = 0; e < nedges; e++ )
278  {
279  assert(graph->head[e] == graph->tail[flipedge(e)]);
280 
281  /* if edge e is in the tree, so are its incident vertices */
282  if( best_result[e] == CONNECT )
283  {
284  steinertree[graph->tail[e]] = TRUE;
285  steinertree[graph->head[e]] = TRUE;
286  SCIPlinkcuttreeLink(&nodes[graph->head[e]], &nodes[graph->tail[e]], flipedge(e));
287  }
288  }
289 
290  assert( nodes[root].edge == -1 );
291  nodes[root].edge = -1;
292 
293  /* VERTEX INSERTION */
294  if( probtype == STP_SPG || probtype == STP_RSMT || probtype == STP_OARSMT || probtype == STP_GSTP || (mwpc) )
295  {
296  int newnode;
297  int* insert;
298  int* adds;
299  int* cuts;
300  int* cuts2;
301  int* stdeg;
302 
303  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &insert, nnodes) );
304  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &adds, nnodes) );
305  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &cuts, nnodes) );
306 
307  if( mw )
308  {
309  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &cuts2, nnodes) );
310  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &stdeg, nnodes) );
311 
312  BMSclearMemoryArray(stdeg, nnodes);
313 
314  for( e = 0; e < nedges; e++ )
315  if( best_result[e] == CONNECT )
316  {
317  stdeg[graph->tail[e]]++;
318  stdeg[graph->head[e]]++;
319  }
320  }
321  else
322  {
323  cuts2 = NULL;
324  stdeg = NULL;
325  }
326 
327  i = 0;
328  newnode = 0;
329 
330  for( ;; )
331  {
332  SCIP_Real diff;
333 
334  /* if vertex i is not in the current ST and has at least two adjacent nodes, it might be added */
335  if( !steinertree[i] && graph->grad[i] > 1 && (!mwpc || !Is_term(graph->term[i])) )
336  {
337  NODE* v;
338  int counter;
339  int lastnodeidx;
340  int insertcount = 0;
341 
342  /* if an outgoing edge of vertex i points to the current ST, SCIPlinkcuttreeLink the edge to a list */
343  for( int oedge = graph->outbeg[i]; oedge != EAT_LAST; oedge = graph->oeat[oedge])
344  if( steinertree[graph->head[oedge]] && (!mwpc || !Is_term(graph->term[graph->head[oedge]])) )
345  insert[insertcount++] = oedge;
346 
347  /* if there are less than two edges connecting node i and the current tree, continue */
348  if( insertcount <= 1 )
349  goto ENDOFLOOP;
350 
351  if( mw )
352  SCIPlinkcuttreeInit(&nodes[i]);
353 
354  /* the node to insert */
355  v = &nodes[i];
356 
357  SCIPlinkcuttreeLink(v, &nodes[graph->head[insert[0]]], insert[0]);
358 
359  lastnodeidx = graph->head[insert[0]];
360 
361  if( mw )
362  {
363  assert(!SCIPisPositive(scip, graph->prize[i]));
364 
365  diff = -1.0;
366  assert(stdeg != NULL);
367  stdeg[lastnodeidx]++;
368  }
369  else
370  diff = graph->cost[v->edge];
371 
372  counter = 0;
373 
374  /* try to add edges between new vertex and tree */
375  for( k = 1; k < insertcount; k++ )
376  {
377  NODE* firstnode;
378  int firstnodidx;
380 
381  /* next vertex in the current Steiner tree adjacent to vertex i resp. v (the one being scrutinized for possible insertion) */
382  firstnodidx = graph->head[insert[k]];
383  firstnode = &nodes[firstnodidx];
384 
385  if( mw )
386  {
387  NODE* chainfirst;
388  NODE* chainlast;
389  SCIP_Real minweight;
390 
391  assert(stdeg != NULL);
392 
393  minweight = SCIPlinkcuttreeFindMinChain(scip, graph->prize, graph->head, stdeg, firstnode, &chainfirst, &chainlast);
394 
395  if( SCIPisLT(scip, minweight, graph->prize[i]) )
396  {
397  assert(chainfirst != NULL && chainlast != NULL);
398  for( NODE* mynode = chainfirst; mynode != chainlast; mynode = mynode->parent )
399  {
400  int mynodeidx = graph->head[mynode->edge];
401  steinertree[mynodeidx] = FALSE;
402  stdeg[mynodeidx] = 0;
403  }
404 
405  SCIPlinkcuttreeCut(chainfirst);
406  SCIPlinkcuttreeCut(chainlast);
407 
408  SCIPlinkcuttreeLink(v, firstnode, insert[k]);
409  stdeg[graph->head[insert[k]]]++;
410 
411  diff = graph->prize[i] - minweight;
412  break;
413  }
414  }
415  else
416  {
417  /* if there is an edge with cost greater than that of the current edge... */
418  NODE* max = SCIPlinkcuttreeFindMax(scip, graph->cost, firstnode);
419  if( SCIPisGT(scip, graph->cost[max->edge], graph->cost[insert[k]]) )
420  {
421  diff += graph->cost[insert[k]];
422  diff -= graph->cost[max->edge];
423  cuts[counter] = max->edge;
424  SCIPlinkcuttreeCut(max);
425  SCIPlinkcuttreeLink(v, firstnode, insert[k]);
426  assert(v->edge == insert[k]);
427  adds[counter++] = v->edge;
428  }
429  }
430  }
431 
432  if( pc && Is_pterm(graph->term[i]) )
433  diff -= graph->prize[i];
434 
435  /* if the new tree is more expensive than the old one, restore the latter */
436  if( mw )
437  {
438  if( SCIPisLT(scip, diff, 0.0) )
439  {
440  assert(stdeg != NULL);
441 
443  stdeg[lastnodeidx]--;
444  SCIPlinkcuttreeCut(&nodes[graph->head[insert[0]]]);
445  }
446  else
447  {
448  steinertree[i] = TRUE;
449  newnverts++;
450  }
451  }
452  else
453  {
454  if( !SCIPisNegative(scip, diff) )
455  {
457  for (k = counter - 1; k >= 0; k--)
458  {
459  SCIPlinkcuttreeCut(&nodes[graph->head[adds[k]]]);
460  SCIPlinkcuttreeEvert(&nodes[graph->tail[cuts[k]]]);
461  SCIPlinkcuttreeLink(&nodes[graph->tail[cuts[k]]],
462  &nodes[graph->head[cuts[k]]], cuts[k]);
463  }
464 
465  /* finally, cut the edge added first (if it had been cut during the insertion process, it would have been restored above) */
467  SCIPlinkcuttreeCut(&nodes[graph->head[insert[0]]]);
468  }
469  else
470  {
471  SCIPlinkcuttreeEvert(&nodes[root]);
472  adds[counter] = insert[0];
473  newnode = i;
474  steinertree[i] = TRUE;
475  newnverts++;
476  SCIPdebugMessage("ADDED VERTEX \n");
477  }
478  }
479  }
480 
481  ENDOFLOOP:
482 
483  if( i < nnodes - 1 )
484  i++;
485  else
486  i = 0;
487 
488  if( newnode == i )
489  break;
490  }
491 
492  /* free buffer memory */
493  if( mw )
494  {
495  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &stdeg);
496  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &cuts2);
497  }
498  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &cuts);
499  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &adds);
500  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &insert);
501 
502  for( e = 0; e < nedges; e++ )
503  best_result[e] = UNKNOWN;
504 
505  if( newnverts > 0 )
506  {
507  if( mwpc )
508  SCIP_CALL( SCIPStpHeurTMPrunePc(scip, graph, graph->cost, best_result, steinertree) );
509  else
510  SCIP_CALL( SCIPStpHeurTMPrune(scip, graph, graph->cost, 0, best_result, steinertree) );
511 
512  for( i = 0; i < nnodes; i++ )
513  SCIPlinkcuttreeInit(&nodes[i]);
514 
515  /* create a link-cut tree representing the current Steiner tree */
516  for( e = 0; e < nedges; e++ )
517  {
518  if( best_result[e] == CONNECT )
519  {
520  assert(steinertree[graph->tail[e]]);
521  assert(steinertree[graph->head[e]]);
522  SCIPlinkcuttreeLink(&nodes[graph->head[e]], &nodes[graph->tail[e]], flipedge(e));
523  }
524  }
525  SCIPlinkcuttreeEvert(&nodes[root]);
526  }
527  else
528  {
529  SCIPlinkcuttreeEvert(&nodes[root]);
530  for( i = 0; i < nnodes; i++ )
531  {
532  if( steinertree[i] && nodes[i].edge != -1 )
533  best_result[flipedge(nodes[i].edge)] = 0;
534  }
535  }
536 
537 #ifdef SCIP_DEBUG
538  {
539  SCIP_Real obj = 0.0;
540  for( e = 0; e < nedges; e++ )
541  obj += (best_result[e] > -1) ? graph->cost[e] : 0.0;
542  printf("ObjAfterVertexInsertion=%.12e\n", obj);
543 
544  }
545 #endif
546  }
547 
548  assert(graph_sol_valid(scip, graph, best_result));
549 
550  /* Key-Vertex Elimination & Key-Path Exchange */
551  if( !mw )
552  {
553  IDX* blists_curr;
554  IDX** blists_start; /* array [1,..,nnodes],
555  * if node i is in the current ST, blists_start[i] points to a linked list of all nodes having i as their base */
556  PATH* mst; /* minimal spanning tree structure */
557  GRAPH* supergraph;
558  IDX** lvledges_start; /* horizontal edges */
559  IDX* lvledges_curr;
560  PHNODE** boundpaths;
561  UF uf; /* union-find*/
562  SCIP_Real* memdist;
563  SCIP_Real kpcost;
564  SCIP_Real mstcost;
565  SCIP_Real edgecost;
566  SCIP_Real kpathcost;
567  int* state;
568  int* kpedges;
569  int* kpnodes;
570  int* dfstree;
571  int* newedges;
572  int* memvbase;
573  int* heapsize;
574  int* boundedges;
575  int* meminedges;
576  int* supernodes;
577  int* supernodesid;
578  int l;
579  int node;
580  int edge;
581  int count;
582  int nruns;
583  int newedge;
584  int oldedge;
585  int adjnode;
586  int nkpedges;
587  int nstnodes;
588  int nkpnodes;
589  int crucnode; /* current crucial node*/
590  int nresnodes;
591  int kptailnode; /* tail node of the current keypath*/
592  int localmoves = 2;
593  int newpathend = -1;
594  int nsupernodes;
595  int nboundedges;
596  int rootpathstart;
597  STP_Bool* pinned;
598  STP_Bool* scanned;
599  STP_Bool* nodesmark;
600 
601 #ifdef SCIP_DEBUG
602  SCIP_Real obj = 0.0;
603  for( e = 0; e < nedges; e++ )
604  obj += (best_result[e] > -1) ? graph->cost[e] : 0.0;
605  printf(" ObjBEFKEYVertexELimination=%.12e\n", obj);
606 #endif
607 
608  for( k = 0; k < nnodes; k++ )
609  graphmark[k] = (graph->grad[k] > 0);
610 
611  graphmark[root] = TRUE;
612 
613  /* allocate memory */
614 
615  /* only needed for Key-Path Elimination */
616  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &newedges, nedges) );
617  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &lvledges_start, nnodes) );
618  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &boundedges, nedges) );
619  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &supernodesid, nnodes) );
620 
621  /* only needed for Key-Path Exchange */
622 
623  /* memory needed for both Key-Path Elimination and Exchange */
624  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &scanned, nnodes) );
625  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &heapsize, nnodes) );
626  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &blists_start, nnodes) );
627  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &memvbase, nnodes) );
628  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &memdist, nnodes) );
629  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &meminedges, nnodes) );
630  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &boundpaths, nnodes) );
631  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &pinned, nnodes) );
632  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &dfstree, nnodes) );
633  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &nodesmark, nnodes) );
634 
635  /* initialize data structures */
636  SCIP_CALL( SCIPStpunionfindInit(scip, &uf, nnodes) );
637 
638  for( nruns = 0; nruns < LOCAL_MAXRESTARTS && localmoves > 0; nruns++ )
639  {
640  localmoves = 0;
641 
642  BMSclearMemoryArray(blists_start, nnodes);
643 
644  /* find a DFS order of the ST nodes */
645  nstnodes = 0;
646  dfsorder(graph, best_result, &(root), &nstnodes, dfstree);
647  assert(root == graph->source);
648 
649  /* compute a voronoi diagram with the ST nodes as bases */
650  graph_voronoi(scip, graph, graph->cost, graph->cost, steinertree, vbase, vnoi);
651 
652  state = graph->path_state;
653 
654  /* initialize data structures */
655  for( k = 0; k < nnodes; k++ )
656  {
657  assert(state[k] == CONNECT || !graphmark[k]);
658 
659  pinned[k] = FALSE;
660  scanned[k] = FALSE;
661  nodesmark[k] = FALSE;
662 
663  /* initialize pairing heaps */
664  heapsize[k] = 0;
665  boundpaths[k] = NULL;
666 
667  lvledges_start[k] = NULL;
668 
669  if( !graphmark[k] )
670  continue;
671 
672  /* link all nodes to their (respective) voronoi base */
673  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBlockMemory(scip, &blists_curr) );
674  blists_curr->index = k;
675  blists_curr->parent = blists_start[vbase[k]];
676  blists_start[vbase[k]] = blists_curr;
677  }
678 
679  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &supernodes, nstnodes) );
680  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &kpnodes, nstnodes) );
681  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &kpedges, nstnodes) );
682 
683  if( mwpc )
684  {
685  for( e = graph->outbeg[root]; e != EAT_LAST; e = graph->oeat[e] )
686  {
687  k = graph->head[e];
688  if( Is_term(graph->term[k]) )
689  {
690  graphmark[k] = FALSE;
691  for( l = graph->outbeg[k]; l != EAT_LAST; l = graph->oeat[l] )
692  {
693  if( !Is_term(graph->term[graph->head[l]]) )
694  {
695  assert(graph->head[l] != root);
696  pinned[graph->head[l]] = TRUE;
697  }
698  }
699  }
700  }
701  if( probtype != STP_RPCSPG )
702  graphmark[root] = FALSE;
703  }
704 
705  /* for each node, store all of its outgoing boundary-edges in a (respective) heap*/
706  for( e = 0; e < nedges; e += 2 )
707  {
708  if( graph->oeat[e] == EAT_FREE )
709  continue;
710 
711  node = graph->tail[e];
712  adjnode = graph->head[e];
713  newedges[e] = UNKNOWN;
714  newedges[e + 1] = UNKNOWN;
715 
716  /* is edge 'e' a boundary-edge? */
717  if( vbase[node] != vbase[adjnode] && graphmark[node] && graphmark[adjnode] )
718  {
719  edgecost = vnoi[node].dist + graph->cost[e] + vnoi[adjnode].dist;
720 
721  /* add the boundary-edge 'e' and its reversed to the corresponding heaps */
722  SCIP_CALL( SCIPpairheapInsert(scip, &boundpaths[vbase[node]], e, edgecost, &(heapsize[vbase[node]])) );
723  SCIP_CALL( SCIPpairheapInsert(scip, &boundpaths[vbase[adjnode]], flipedge(e), edgecost, &(heapsize[vbase[adjnode]])) );
724  }
725  }
726 
727  /* find LCAs for all edges */
728  SCIP_CALL( lca(scip, graph, root, &uf, nodesmark, best_result, lvledges_start, boundpaths, heapsize, vbase) );
729 
730  /* henceforth, the union-find structure will be used on the ST */
731  SCIPStpunionfindClear(scip, &uf, nnodes);
732 
733  /* henceforth, nodesmark will be used to mark the current supervertices (except for the one representing the root-component) */
734  for( i = 0; dfstree[i] != root; i++ )
735  nodesmark[dfstree[i]] = FALSE;
736  nodesmark[dfstree[i]] = FALSE;
737 
738  for( k = 0; k < nnodes; k++ )
739  assert(!nodesmark[k]);
740 
741  /* main loop visiting all nodes of the current ST in post-order */
742  for( i = 0; dfstree[i] != root; i++ )
743  {
744  crucnode = dfstree[i];
745  scanned[crucnode] = TRUE;
746 
747  SCIPdebugMessage("iteration %d (crucial node: %d) \n", i, crucnode);
748 
749  /* has the node been temporarily removed from the ST? */
750  if( !graphmark[crucnode] )
751  continue;
752 
753  /* is node 'crucnode' a removable crucial node? (i.e. not pinned or a terminal) */
754  if( !pinned[crucnode] && !Is_term(graph->term[crucnode]) && nodeIsCrucial(graph, best_result, crucnode) )
755  {
756  for( k = 0; k < nnodes; k++ )
757  assert(state[k] == CONNECT || !graphmark[k]);
758 
759  /* find all (unique) key-paths starting in node 'crucnode' */
760  k = UNKNOWN;
761  kpcost = 0.0;
762  nkpnodes = 0;
763  nkpedges = 0;
764  nsupernodes = 0;
765  for( edge = graph->outbeg[crucnode]; edge != EAT_LAST; edge = graph->oeat[edge] )
766  {
767  /* check whether the outgoing edge is in the ST */
768  if( (best_result[edge] > -1 && steinertree[graph->head[edge]]) || (best_result[flipedge(edge)] > -1 && steinertree[graph->tail[edge]]) )
769  {
770  kpcost += graph->cost[edge];
771 
772  /* check whether the current edge leads to the ST root*/
773  if( best_result[flipedge(edge)] > -1 )
774  {
775  k = flipedge(edge);
776  kpedges[nkpedges++] = k;
777  assert( edge == nodes[crucnode].edge );
778  }
779  else
780  {
781  kpedges[nkpedges++] = edge;
782  adjnode = graph->head[edge];
783  e = edge;
784 
785  /* move along the key-path until its end (i.e. a crucial or pinned node) is reached */
786  while( !pinned[adjnode] && !nodeIsCrucial(graph, best_result, adjnode) && steinertree[adjnode] )
787  {
788  /* update the union-find data structure */
789  SCIPStpunionfindUnion(&uf, crucnode, adjnode, FALSE);
790 
791  kpnodes[nkpnodes++] = adjnode;
792 
793  for( e = graph->outbeg[adjnode]; e != EAT_LAST; e = graph->oeat[e] )
794  {
795  if( best_result[e] > -1 )
796  {
797  kpcost += graph->cost[e];
798  kpedges[nkpedges++] = e;
799  break;
800  }
801  }
802 
803  /* assert that each leaf of the ST is a terminal */
804 
805 
806  if( e == EAT_LAST )
807  {
808  localmoves = 0;
809 
810  goto TERMINATE;
811  }
812  assert(e != EAT_LAST);
813  adjnode = graph->head[e];
814  }
815  /* does the last node on the path belong to a removed component? */
816  if( !steinertree[adjnode] )
817  {
818  kpcost -= graph->cost[e];
819  nkpedges--;
820  adjnode = graph->tail[e];
821  if( adjnode != crucnode )
822  {
823  supernodes[nsupernodes++] = adjnode;
824  nodesmark[adjnode] = TRUE;
825  }
826  }
827  else
828  {
829  supernodes[nsupernodes++] = adjnode;
830  nodesmark[adjnode] = TRUE;
831  }
832  }
833  }
834  }
835 
836  /* traverse the key-path leading to the root-component */
837  rootpathstart = nkpnodes;
838  if( k != -1 )
839  {
840  /* begin with the edge starting in the root-component of node 'crucnode' */
841  e = k;
842  adjnode = graph->tail[e];
843  while( !pinned[adjnode] && !nodeIsCrucial(graph, best_result, adjnode) && steinertree[adjnode] )
844  {
845  /* update the union-find data structure */
846  kpnodes[nkpnodes++] = adjnode;
847 
848  for( e = graph->inpbeg[adjnode]; e != EAT_LAST; e = graph->ieat[e] )
849  {
850  if( best_result[e] > -1 )
851  {
852  assert(steinertree[graph->tail[e]]);
853  kpcost += graph->cost[e];
854  kpedges[nkpedges++] = e;
855  break;
856  }
857  }
858 
859  assert( e != EAT_LAST );
860  adjnode = graph->tail[e];
861  }
862  supernodes[nsupernodes++] = adjnode;
863  }
864 
865  /* the last of the key-path nodes to be stored is the current key-node */
866  kpnodes[nkpnodes++] = crucnode;
867 
868  /* number of reset nodes */
869  nresnodes = 0;
870 
871  /* reset all nodes (referred to as 'C' henceforth) whose bases are internal nodes of the current key-paths */
872  for( k = 0; k < nkpnodes; k++ )
873  {
874  /* reset all nodes having the current (internal) keypath node as their voronoi base */
875  blists_curr = blists_start[kpnodes[k]];
876  while( blists_curr != NULL )
877  {
878  node = blists_curr->index;
879  assert(graphmark[node]);
880 
881  /* store all relevant data */
882  memvbase[nresnodes] = vbase[node];
883  memdist[nresnodes] = vnoi[node].dist;
884  meminedges[nresnodes] = vnoi[node].edge;
885  nresnodes++;
886 
887  /* reset data */
888  vbase[node] = UNKNOWN;
889  vnoi[node].dist = FARAWAY;
890  vnoi[node].edge = UNKNOWN;
891  state[node] = UNKNOWN;
892  blists_curr = blists_curr->parent;
893  }
894  }
895 
896  /* add vertical boundary-paths between the child components and the root-component (wrt node 'crucnode') */
897  nboundedges = 0;
898  for( k = 0; k < nsupernodes - 1; k++ )
899  {
900  l = supernodes[k];
901  edge = UNKNOWN;
902  while( boundpaths[l] != NULL )
903  {
904  SCIP_CALL( SCIPpairheapDeletemin(scip, &edge, &edgecost, &boundpaths[l], &heapsize[l]) );
905 
906  node = (vbase[graph->head[edge]] == UNKNOWN)? UNKNOWN : SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, vbase[graph->head[edge]]);
907 
908  /* check whether edge 'edge' represents a boundary-path having an endpoint in the kth-component and in the root-component respectively */
909  if( node != UNKNOWN && !nodesmark[node] && graphmark[node] )
910  {
911  boundedges[nboundedges++] = edge;
912  SCIP_CALL( SCIPpairheapInsert(scip, &boundpaths[l], edge, edgecost, &heapsize[l]) );
913  break;
914  }
915  }
916  }
917 
918  /* add horizontal boundary-paths (between the child-components) */
919  lvledges_curr = lvledges_start[crucnode];
920  while( lvledges_curr != NULL )
921  {
922  edge = lvledges_curr->index;
923  k = vbase[graph->tail[edge]];
924  l = vbase[graph->head[edge]];
925  node = (l == UNKNOWN)? UNKNOWN : SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, l);
926  adjnode = (k == UNKNOWN)? UNKNOWN : SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, k);
927 
928  /* check whether the current boundary-path connects two child components */
929  if( node != UNKNOWN && nodesmark[node] && adjnode != UNKNOWN && nodesmark[adjnode] )
930  {
931  assert(graphmark[node]);
932  assert(graphmark[adjnode]);
933  boundedges[nboundedges++] = edge;
934  }
935  lvledges_curr = lvledges_curr->parent;
936  }
937 
938  /* try to connect the nodes of C (directly) to COMP(C), as a preprocessing for graph_voronoiRepair */
939  count = 0;
940  for( k = 0; k < nkpnodes; k++ )
941  {
942  blists_curr = blists_start[kpnodes[k]];
943  assert( blists_curr != NULL );
944  while( blists_curr != NULL )
945  {
946  node = blists_curr->index;
947 
948  /* iterate through all outgoing edges of 'node' */
949  for( edge = graph->inpbeg[node]; edge != EAT_LAST; edge = graph->ieat[edge] )
950  {
951  adjnode = graph->tail[edge];
952 
953  /* check whether the adjacent node is not in C and allows a better voronoi assignment of the current node */
954  if( state[adjnode] == CONNECT && SCIPisGT(scip, vnoi[node].dist, vnoi[adjnode].dist + graph->cost[edge])
955  && graphmark[vbase[adjnode]] && graphmark[adjnode] )
956  {
957  vnoi[node].dist = vnoi[adjnode].dist + graph->cost[edge];
958  vbase[node] = vbase[adjnode];
959  vnoi[node].edge = edge;
960  }
961  }
962  if( vbase[node] != UNKNOWN )
963  {
964  heap_add(graph->path_heap, state, &count, node, vnoi);
965  }
966  blists_curr = blists_curr->parent;
967  }
968  }
969 
970  /* if there are no key-path nodes, something has gone wrong */
971  assert(nkpnodes != 0);
972 
973  graph_voronoiRepairMult(scip, graph, graph->cost, &count, vbase, boundedges, &nboundedges, nodesmark, &uf, vnoi);
974 
975  /* create a supergraph, having the endpoints of the key-paths incident to the current crucial node as (super-) vertices */
976  SCIP_CALL( graph_init(scip, &supergraph, nsupernodes, nboundedges * 2, 1) );
977  supergraph->stp_type = STP_SPG;
978 
979  /* add vertices to the supergraph */
980  for( k = 0; k < nsupernodes; k++ )
981  {
982  supernodesid[supernodes[k]] = k;
983  graph_knot_add(supergraph, graph->term[supernodes[k]]);
984  }
985 
986  /* the (super-) vertex representing the current root-component of the ST */
987  k = supernodes[nsupernodes - 1];
988 
989  /* add edges to the supergraph */
990  for( l = 0; l < nboundedges; l++ )
991  {
992  edge = boundedges[l];
993  node = SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, vbase[graph->tail[edge]]);
994  adjnode = SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, vbase[graph->head[edge]]);
995 
996  /* if node 'node' or 'adjnode' belongs to the root-component, take the (temporary) root-component identifier instead */
997  node = ((nodesmark[node])? node : k);
998  adjnode = ((nodesmark[adjnode])? adjnode : k);
999 
1000  /* compute the cost of the boundary-path pertaining to the boundary-edge 'edge' */
1001  edgecost = vnoi[graph->tail[edge]].dist + graph->cost[edge] + vnoi[graph->head[edge]].dist;
1002  graph_edge_add(scip, supergraph, supernodesid[node], supernodesid[adjnode], edgecost, edgecost);
1003  }
1004 
1005  /* compute a MST on the supergraph */
1006  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &mst, nsupernodes) );
1007  SCIP_CALL( graph_path_init(scip, supergraph) );
1008  graph_path_exec(scip, supergraph, MST_MODE, nsupernodes - 1, supergraph->cost, mst);
1009 
1010  /* compute the cost of the MST */
1011  mstcost = 0.0;
1012 
1013  /* compute the cost of the MST */
1014  for( l = 0; l < nsupernodes - 1; l++ )
1015  {
1016  /* compute the edge in the original graph corresponding to the current MST edge */
1017  if( mst[l].edge % 2 == 0 )
1018  edge = boundedges[mst[l].edge / 2 ];
1019  else
1020  edge = flipedge(boundedges[mst[l].edge / 2 ]);
1021 
1022  mstcost += graph->cost[edge];
1023  assert( newedges[edge] != crucnode && newedges[flipedge(edge)] != crucnode );
1024 
1025  /* mark the edge (in the original graph) as visited */
1026  newedges[edge] = crucnode;
1027 
1028  /* traverse along the boundary-path belonging to the boundary-edge 'edge' */
1029  for( node = graph->tail[edge]; node != vbase[node]; node = graph->tail[vnoi[node].edge] )
1030  {
1031  e = vnoi[node].edge;
1032 
1033  /* if edge 'e' and its reversed have not been visited yet */
1034  if( newedges[e] != crucnode && newedges[flipedge(e)] != crucnode )
1035  {
1036  newedges[e] = crucnode;
1037  mstcost += graph->cost[e];
1038  }
1039  }
1040  for( node = graph->head[edge]; node != vbase[node]; node = graph->tail[vnoi[node].edge] )
1041  {
1042  e = flipedge(vnoi[node].edge);
1043 
1044  /* if edge 'e' and its reversed have not been visited yet */
1045  if( newedges[vnoi[node].edge] != crucnode && newedges[e] != crucnode )
1046  {
1047  newedges[e] = crucnode;
1048  mstcost += graph->cost[e];
1049  }
1050  }
1051  }
1052 
1053  if( SCIPisLT(scip, mstcost, kpcost) )
1054  {
1055  localmoves++;
1056  SCIPdebugMessage("found improving solution in KEY VERTEX ELIMINATION (round: %d) \n ", nruns);
1057 
1058  /* unmark the original edges spanning the supergraph */
1059  for( e = 0; e < nkpedges; e++ )
1060  {
1061  assert(best_result[kpedges[e]] != -1);
1062  best_result[kpedges[e]] = -1;
1063  }
1064 
1065  /* mark all ST nodes except for those belonging to the root-component as forbidden */
1066  for( k = rootpathstart; k < nkpnodes; k++ )
1067  {
1068  graphmark[kpnodes[k]] = FALSE;
1069  steinertree[kpnodes[k]] = FALSE;
1070  }
1071 
1072  for( k = 0; k < i; k++ )
1073  {
1074  node = SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, dfstree[k]);
1075  if( nodesmark[node] || node == crucnode )
1076  {
1077  graphmark[dfstree[k]] = FALSE;
1078  steinertree[dfstree[k]] = FALSE;
1079  }
1080  }
1081 
1082  /* add the new edges reconnecting the (super-) components */
1083  for( l = 0; l < nsupernodes - 1; l++ )
1084  {
1085  if( mst[l].edge % 2 == 0 )
1086  edge = boundedges[mst[l].edge / 2 ];
1087  else
1088  edge = flipedge(boundedges[mst[l].edge / 2 ]);
1089 
1090  /* change the orientation within the target-component if necessary */
1091  if( !nodesmark[vbase[graph->head[edge]]] )
1092  {
1093  node = vbase[graph->head[edge]];
1094  k = SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, node);
1095  assert(nodesmark[k]);
1096  while( node != k )
1097  {
1098  /* the ST edge pointing towards the root */
1099  e = nodes[node].edge;
1100 
1101  assert(best_result[e] == -1 && best_result[flipedge(e)] != -1 );
1102  best_result[e] = CONNECT;
1103  best_result[flipedge(e)] = UNKNOWN;
1104  node = graph->head[e];
1105  }
1106  }
1107 
1108  /* is the vbase of the current boundary-edge tail in the root-component? */
1109  if( !nodesmark[SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, vbase[graph->tail[edge]])] )
1110  {
1111 
1112  best_result[edge] = CONNECT;
1113 
1114  for( node = graph->tail[edge], adjnode = graph->head[edge]; node != vbase[node]; adjnode = node, node = graph->tail[vnoi[node].edge] )
1115  {
1116  graphmark[node] = FALSE;
1117 
1118  if( best_result[flipedge(vnoi[node].edge)] == CONNECT )
1119  best_result[flipedge(vnoi[node].edge)] = UNKNOWN;
1120 
1121  best_result[vnoi[node].edge] = CONNECT;
1122  }
1123 
1124  assert(!nodesmark[node] && vbase[node] == node);
1125  assert( graphmark[node] == TRUE );
1126 
1127  /* is the pinned node its own component identifier? */
1128  if( !Is_term(graph->term[node]) && scanned[node] && !pinned[node] && SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, node) == node )
1129  {
1130  graphmark[graph->head[edge]] = FALSE;
1131  oldedge = edge;
1132 
1133  for( edge = graph->outbeg[node]; edge != EAT_LAST; edge = graph->oeat[edge] )
1134  {
1135  adjnode = graph->head[edge];
1136  /* check whether edge 'edge' leads to an ancestor of terminal 'node' */
1137  if( best_result[edge] == CONNECT && graphmark[adjnode] && steinertree[adjnode] && SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, adjnode) != node )
1138  {
1139 
1140  assert(scanned[adjnode]);
1141  /* meld the heaps */
1142  SCIPpairheapMeldheaps(scip, &boundpaths[node], &boundpaths[adjnode], &heapsize[node], &heapsize[adjnode]);
1143 
1144  /* update the union-find data structure */
1145  SCIPStpunionfindUnion(&uf, node, adjnode, FALSE);
1146 
1147  /* move along the key-path until its end (i.e. until a crucial node is reached) */
1148  while( !nodeIsCrucial(graph, best_result, adjnode) && !pinned[adjnode] )
1149  {
1150  for( e = graph->outbeg[adjnode]; e != EAT_LAST; e = graph->oeat[e] )
1151  {
1152  if( best_result[e] != -1 )
1153  break;
1154  }
1155 
1156  /* assert that each leaf of the ST is a terminal */
1157  assert( e != EAT_LAST );
1158  adjnode = graph->head[e];
1159  if( !steinertree[adjnode] )
1160  break;
1161  assert(scanned[adjnode]);
1162  assert(SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, adjnode) != node);
1163 
1164  /* update the union-find data structure */
1165  SCIPStpunionfindUnion(&uf, node, adjnode, FALSE);
1166 
1167  /* meld the heaps */
1168  SCIPpairheapMeldheaps(scip, &boundpaths[node], &boundpaths[adjnode], &heapsize[node], &heapsize[adjnode]);
1169  }
1170  }
1171  }
1172  edge = oldedge;
1173  }
1174 
1175  /* mark the start node (lying in the root-component of the ST) of the current boundary-path as pinned,
1176  * so that it may not be removed later on */
1177  pinned[node] = TRUE;
1178 
1179  for( node = graph->head[edge]; node != vbase[node]; node = graph->tail[vnoi[node].edge] )
1180  {
1181  graphmark[node] = FALSE;
1182  if( best_result[vnoi[node].edge] == CONNECT )
1183  best_result[vnoi[node].edge] = -1;
1184 
1185  best_result[flipedge(vnoi[node].edge)] = CONNECT;
1186 
1187  }
1188  }
1189  else
1190  {
1191 
1192  best_result[edge] = CONNECT;
1193 
1194  for( node = graph->tail[edge]; node != vbase[node]; node = graph->tail[vnoi[node].edge] )
1195  {
1196  graphmark[node] = FALSE;
1197  if( best_result[vnoi[node].edge] != CONNECT && best_result[flipedge(vnoi[node].edge)] != CONNECT )
1198  best_result[vnoi[node].edge] = CONNECT;
1199 
1200  }
1201 
1202  for( node = graph->head[edge]; node != vbase[node]; node = graph->tail[vnoi[node].edge] )
1203  {
1204  graphmark[node] = FALSE;
1205 
1206  best_result[flipedge(vnoi[node].edge)] = CONNECT;
1207  best_result[vnoi[node].edge] = UNKNOWN;
1208  }
1209  }
1210  }
1211 
1212  for( k = 0; k < nkpnodes; k++ )
1213  {
1214  assert(graphmark[kpnodes[k]] == FALSE);
1215  assert(steinertree[kpnodes[k]] == FALSE);
1216  }
1217  assert(!graphmark[crucnode]);
1218  }
1219  else
1220  {
1221  /* no improving solution has been found during the move */
1222 
1223  /* meld the heap pertaining to 'crucnode' and all heaps pertaining to descendant key-paths of node 'crucnode' */
1224  for( k = 0; k < rootpathstart; k++ )
1225  {
1226  SCIPpairheapMeldheaps(scip, &boundpaths[crucnode], &boundpaths[kpnodes[k]], &heapsize[crucnode], &heapsize[kpnodes[k]]);
1227  }
1228  for( k = 0; k < nsupernodes - 1; k++ )
1229  {
1230  SCIPpairheapMeldheaps(scip, &boundpaths[crucnode], &boundpaths[supernodes[k]], &heapsize[crucnode], &heapsize[supernodes[k]]);
1231 
1232  /* update the union-find data structure */
1233  SCIPStpunionfindUnion(&uf, crucnode, supernodes[k], FALSE);
1234  }
1235  }
1236 
1237  /* free the supergraph and the MST data structure */
1238  graph_path_exit(scip, supergraph);
1239  graph_free(scip, &supergraph, TRUE);
1240  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &mst);
1241 
1242  /* unmark the descendant supervertices */
1243  for( k = 0; k < nsupernodes - 1; k++ )
1244  {
1245  nodesmark[supernodes[k]] = FALSE;
1246  }
1247 
1248  /* debug test; to be deleted later on */
1249  for( k = 0; k < nnodes; k++ )
1250  {
1251  assert( !nodesmark[k] );
1252  }
1253 
1254  /* restore the original voronoi diagram */
1255  l = 0;
1256  for( k = 0; k < nkpnodes; k++ )
1257  {
1258  /* restore data of all nodes having the current (internal) key-path node as their voronoi base */
1259  blists_curr = blists_start[kpnodes[k]];
1260  while( blists_curr != NULL )
1261  {
1262  node = blists_curr->index;
1263  vbase[node] = memvbase[l];
1264  vnoi[node].dist = memdist[l];
1265  vnoi[node].edge = meminedges[l];
1266  l++;
1267  blists_curr = blists_curr->parent;
1268  }
1269  }
1270 
1271  assert(l == nresnodes);
1272  }
1273 
1274  /** Key-Path Exchange */
1275  if( probtype != STP_MWCSP )
1276  {
1277  /* if the node has just been eliminated, skip Key-Path Exchange */
1278  if( !graphmark[crucnode] )
1279  continue;
1280 
1281  /* is crucnode a crucial or pinned vertex? */
1282  if( (!nodeIsCrucial(graph, best_result, crucnode) && !pinned[crucnode]) )
1283  continue;
1284 
1285  if( Is_term(graph->term[crucnode]) || pinned[crucnode] )
1286  {
1287  for( edge = graph->outbeg[crucnode]; edge != EAT_LAST; edge = graph->oeat[edge] )
1288  {
1289  adjnode = graph->head[edge];
1290  /* check whether edge 'edge' leads to an ancestor of terminal 'crucnode' */
1291  if( best_result[edge] == CONNECT && steinertree[adjnode] && graphmark[adjnode] )
1292  {
1293  assert( SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, adjnode) != crucnode);
1294  assert(scanned[adjnode]);
1295  /* meld the heaps */
1296  SCIPpairheapMeldheaps(scip, &boundpaths[crucnode], &boundpaths[adjnode], &heapsize[crucnode], &heapsize[adjnode]);
1297 
1298  /* update the union-find data structure */
1299  SCIPStpunionfindUnion(&uf, crucnode, adjnode, FALSE);
1300 
1301  /* move along the key-path until its end (i.e. until a crucial node is reached) */
1302  while( !nodeIsCrucial(graph, best_result, adjnode) && !pinned[adjnode] )
1303  {
1304  for( e = graph->outbeg[adjnode]; e != EAT_LAST; e = graph->oeat[e] )
1305  {
1306  if( best_result[e] != -1 )
1307  break;
1308  }
1309 
1310  /* assert that each leaf of the ST is a terminal */
1311  assert( e != EAT_LAST );
1312  adjnode = graph->head[e];
1313  if( !steinertree[adjnode] || !graphmark[adjnode] )
1314  break;
1315  assert(scanned[adjnode]);
1316  assert(SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, adjnode) != crucnode);
1317 
1318  /* update the union-find data structure */
1319  SCIPStpunionfindUnion(&uf, crucnode, adjnode, FALSE);
1320 
1321  /* meld the heaps */
1322  SCIPpairheapMeldheaps(scip, &boundpaths[crucnode], &boundpaths[adjnode], &heapsize[crucnode], &heapsize[adjnode]);
1323  }
1324  }
1325  }
1326 
1327  }
1328 
1329  /* counts the internal nodes of the keypath */
1330  nkpnodes = 0;
1331 
1332  for( k = 0; k < nnodes; k++ )
1333  assert(state[k] == CONNECT || !graphmark[k]);
1334 
1335  /* find the (unique) key-path containing the parent of the current crucial node 'crucnode' */
1336  kptailnode = graph->head[nodes[crucnode].edge];
1337  kpathcost = graph->cost[nodes[crucnode].edge];
1338 
1339  while( !nodeIsCrucial(graph, best_result, kptailnode) && !pinned[kptailnode] )
1340  {
1341  kpathcost += graph->cost[nodes[kptailnode].edge];
1342 
1343  kpnodes[nkpnodes++] = kptailnode;
1344  kptailnode = graph->head[nodes[kptailnode].edge];
1345  }
1346 
1347  /* counts the reset nodes during voronoi repair */
1348  nresnodes = 0;
1349 
1350  /* reset all nodes (henceforth referred to as 'C') whose bases are internal nodes of the current keypath */
1351  for( k = 0; k < nkpnodes; k++ )
1352  {
1353  /* reset all nodes having the current (internal) keypath node as their voronoi base */
1354  blists_curr = blists_start[kpnodes[k]];
1355  while( blists_curr != NULL )
1356  {
1357  node = blists_curr->index;
1358  memvbase[nresnodes] = vbase[node];
1359  memdist[nresnodes] = vnoi[node].dist;
1360  meminedges[nresnodes] = vnoi[node].edge;
1361  nresnodes++;
1362  vbase[node] = UNKNOWN;
1363  vnoi[node].dist = FARAWAY;
1364  vnoi[node].edge = UNKNOWN;
1365  state[node] = UNKNOWN;
1366  blists_curr = blists_curr->parent;
1367  }
1368  }
1369 
1370  edgecost = UNKNOWN;
1371  e = UNKNOWN;
1372  while( boundpaths[crucnode] != NULL )
1373  {
1374  SCIP_CALL( SCIPpairheapDeletemin(scip, &e, &edgecost, &boundpaths[crucnode], &(heapsize[crucnode])) );
1375  assert( e != UNKNOWN );
1376  k = vbase[graph->tail[e]];
1377  l = vbase[graph->head[e]];
1378 
1379  assert(graphmark[k]);
1380  node = (l == UNKNOWN || !graphmark[l] )? UNKNOWN : SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, l);
1381 
1382  /* does the boundary-path end in the root component? */
1383  if( node != UNKNOWN && node != crucnode && graphmark[l] )
1384  {
1385  SCIP_CALL( SCIPpairheapInsert(scip, &boundpaths[crucnode], e, edgecost, &(heapsize[crucnode])) );
1386  break;
1387  }
1388  }
1389 
1390  if( boundpaths[crucnode] == NULL )
1391  {
1392  oldedge = UNKNOWN;
1393  }
1394  else
1395  {
1396  oldedge = e;
1397  }
1398 
1399  /* counts the nodes connected during the following 'preprocessing' */
1400  count = 0;
1401 
1402  /* try to connect the nodes of C (directly) to COMP(C), as a preprocessing for voronoi-repair */
1403  for( k = 0; k < nkpnodes; k++ )
1404  {
1405  blists_curr = blists_start[kpnodes[k]];
1406  assert( blists_curr != NULL );
1407  while( blists_curr != NULL )
1408  {
1409  node = blists_curr->index;
1410 
1411  /* iterate through all outgoing edges of 'node' */
1412  for( edge = graph->inpbeg[node]; edge != EAT_LAST; edge = graph->ieat[edge] )
1413  {
1414  adjnode = graph->tail[edge];
1415 
1416  /* check whether the adjacent node is not in C and allows a better voronoi assignment of the current node */
1417  if( state[adjnode] == CONNECT && SCIPisGT(scip, vnoi[node].dist, vnoi[adjnode].dist + graph->cost[edge])
1418  && graphmark[vbase[adjnode]] && graphmark[adjnode] )
1419  {
1420  vnoi[node].dist = vnoi[adjnode].dist + graph->cost[edge];
1421  vbase[node] = vbase[adjnode];
1422  vnoi[node].edge = edge;
1423  }
1424  }
1425  if( vbase[node] != UNKNOWN )
1426  {
1427  heap_add(graph->path_heap, state, &count, node, vnoi);
1428  }
1429  blists_curr = blists_curr->parent;
1430  }
1431  }
1432  if( nkpnodes > 0 )
1433  assert(count > 0);
1434  newedge = UNKNOWN;
1435 
1436  /* if there is no key path, nothing has to be repaired */
1437  if( nkpnodes > 0 )
1438  graph_voronoiRepair(scip, graph, graph->cost, &count, vbase, vnoi, &newedge, crucnode, &uf);
1439  else
1440  newedge = nodes[crucnode].edge;
1441 
1442  if( oldedge != UNKNOWN && newedge != UNKNOWN && SCIPisLT(scip, edgecost,
1443  vnoi[graph->tail[newedge]].dist + graph->cost[newedge] + vnoi[graph->head[newedge]].dist) )
1444  newedge = oldedge;
1445  if( oldedge != UNKNOWN && newedge == UNKNOWN )
1446  newedge = oldedge;
1447 
1448  assert( newedge != UNKNOWN );
1449  edgecost = vnoi[graph->tail[newedge]].dist + graph->cost[newedge] + vnoi[graph->head[newedge]].dist;
1450  if( SCIPisLT(scip, edgecost, kpathcost) )
1451  {
1452  node = SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, vbase[graph->head[newedge]]);
1453 
1454  SCIPdebugMessage( "ADDING NEW KEY PATH (%f )\n", edgecost - kpathcost );
1455 
1456  localmoves++;
1457 
1458  /* remove old keypath */
1459  assert( best_result[flipedge(nodes[crucnode].edge)] != UNKNOWN );
1460  best_result[flipedge(nodes[crucnode].edge)] = UNKNOWN;
1461  steinertree[crucnode] = FALSE;
1462  graphmark[crucnode] = FALSE;
1463 
1464  for( k = 0; k < nkpnodes; k++ )
1465  {
1466  assert( best_result[flipedge(nodes[kpnodes[k]].edge)] != UNKNOWN );
1467  best_result[flipedge(nodes[kpnodes[k]].edge)] = UNKNOWN;
1468  steinertree[kpnodes[k]] = FALSE;
1469  graphmark[kpnodes[k]] = FALSE;
1470  }
1471  assert(graphmark[kptailnode]);
1472 
1473  if( node == crucnode )
1474  newedge = flipedge(newedge);
1475 
1476  for( node = graph->tail[newedge]; node != vbase[node]; node = graph->tail[vnoi[node].edge] )
1477  {
1478  graphmark[node] = FALSE;
1479 
1480  best_result[flipedge(vnoi[node].edge)] = CONNECT;
1481  best_result[vnoi[node].edge] = UNKNOWN;
1482  }
1483 
1484  for( node = graph->head[newedge]; node != vbase[node]; node = graph->tail[vnoi[node].edge] )
1485  {
1486  graphmark[node] = FALSE;
1487 
1488  best_result[vnoi[node].edge] = CONNECT;
1489  }
1490 
1491  best_result[flipedge(newedge)] = CONNECT;
1492 
1493  newpathend = vbase[graph->tail[newedge]];
1494  assert(node == vbase[graph->head[newedge]] );
1495 
1496  /* flip all edges on the ST path between the endnode of the new key-path and the current crucial node */
1497  k = newpathend;
1498  assert(SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, newpathend) == crucnode);
1499 
1500  while( k != crucnode )
1501  {
1502  assert(graphmark[k]);
1503  assert( best_result[flipedge(nodes[k].edge)] != -1);
1504  best_result[flipedge(nodes[k].edge)] = UNKNOWN;
1505 
1506  best_result[nodes[k].edge] = CONNECT;
1507 
1508  k = graph->head[nodes[k].edge];
1509  }
1510 
1511  for( k = 0; k < i; k++ )
1512  {
1513  if( crucnode == SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, dfstree[k]) )
1514  {
1515  graphmark[dfstree[k]] = FALSE;
1516  steinertree[dfstree[k]] = FALSE;
1517  }
1518  }
1519 
1520  /* update union find */
1521  if( !Is_term(graph->term[node]) && scanned[node] && !pinned[node] && SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, node) == node )
1522  {
1523  for( edge = graph->outbeg[node]; edge != EAT_LAST; edge = graph->oeat[edge] )
1524  {
1525  adjnode = graph->head[edge];
1526  /* check whether edge 'edge' leads to an ancestor of terminal 'node' */
1527  if( best_result[edge] == CONNECT && steinertree[adjnode] && graphmark[adjnode] && SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, adjnode) != node )
1528  {
1529  assert(scanned[adjnode]);
1530  /* meld the heaps */
1531  SCIPpairheapMeldheaps(scip, &boundpaths[node], &boundpaths[adjnode], &heapsize[node], &heapsize[adjnode]);
1532 
1533  /* update the union-find data structure */
1534  SCIPStpunionfindUnion(&uf, node, adjnode, FALSE);
1535 
1536  /* move along the key-path until its end (i.e. until a crucial node is reached) */
1537  while( !nodeIsCrucial(graph, best_result, adjnode) && !pinned[adjnode] )
1538  {
1539  for( e = graph->outbeg[adjnode]; e != EAT_LAST; e = graph->oeat[e] )
1540  {
1541  if( best_result[e] != -1 )
1542  break;
1543  }
1544 
1545  /* assert that each leaf of the ST is a terminal */
1546  assert( e != EAT_LAST );
1547  adjnode = graph->head[e];
1548  if( !steinertree[adjnode] )
1549  break;
1550  assert(scanned[adjnode]);
1551  assert(SCIPStpunionfindFind(&uf, adjnode) != node);
1552 
1553  /* update the union-find data structure */
1554  SCIPStpunionfindUnion(&uf, node, adjnode, FALSE);
1555 
1556  /* meld the heaps */
1557  SCIPpairheapMeldheaps(scip, &boundpaths[node], &boundpaths[adjnode], &heapsize[node], &heapsize[adjnode]);
1558  }
1559  }
1560  }
1561 
1562  }
1563  pinned[node] = TRUE;
1564  }
1565 
1566  /* restore the original voronoi digram */
1567  l = 0;
1568  for( k = 0; k < nkpnodes; k++ )
1569  {
1570  /* reset all nodes having the current (internal) keypath node as their voronoi base */
1571  blists_curr = blists_start[kpnodes[k]];
1572  while( blists_curr != NULL )
1573  {
1574  node = blists_curr->index;
1575  vbase[node] = memvbase[l];
1576  vnoi[node].dist = memdist[l];
1577  vnoi[node].edge = meminedges[l];
1578  l++;
1579  blists_curr = blists_curr->parent;
1580  }
1581  }
1582  assert(l == nresnodes);
1583  }
1584  }
1585 
1586 
1587  /**********************************************************/
1588 
1589  TERMINATE:
1590 
1591  SCIPStpunionfindClear(scip, &uf, nnodes);
1592 
1593  /* free data structures */
1594  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &kpedges);
1595  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &kpnodes);
1596  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &supernodes);
1597 
1598  for( k = nnodes - 1; k >= 0; k-- )
1599  {
1600  if( boundpaths[k] != NULL )
1601  SCIPpairheapFree(scip, &boundpaths[k]);
1602 
1603  blists_curr = blists_start[k];
1604  lvledges_curr = lvledges_start[k];
1605  while( lvledges_curr != NULL )
1606  {
1607  lvledges_start[k] = lvledges_curr->parent;
1608  SCIPfreeBlockMemory(scip, &lvledges_curr);
1609  lvledges_curr = lvledges_start[k];
1610  }
1611 
1612  while( blists_curr != NULL )
1613  {
1614  blists_start[k] = blists_curr->parent;
1615  SCIPfreeBlockMemory(scip, &blists_curr);
1616  blists_curr = blists_start[k];
1617  }
1618  }
1619 
1620  /* has there been a move during this run? */
1621  if( localmoves > 0 )
1622  {
1623  for( i = 0; i < nnodes; i++ )
1624  {
1625  steinertree[i] = FALSE;
1626  graphmark[i] = (graph->grad[i] > 0);
1627  SCIPlinkcuttreeInit(&nodes[i]);
1628  }
1629 
1630  graphmark[root] = TRUE;
1631 
1632  /* create a link-cut tree representing the current Steiner tree */
1633  for( e = 0; e < nedges; e++ )
1634  {
1635  assert(graph->head[e] == graph->tail[flipedge(e)]);
1636 
1637  /* if edge e is in the tree, so are its incident vertices */
1638  if( best_result[e] != -1 )
1639  {
1640  steinertree[graph->tail[e]] = TRUE;
1641  steinertree[graph->head[e]] = TRUE;
1642  SCIPlinkcuttreeLink(&nodes[graph->head[e]], &nodes[graph->tail[e]], flipedge(e));
1643  }
1644  }
1645  assert( nodes[root].edge == -1 );
1646  nodes[root].edge = -1;
1647  }
1648  }
1649 
1650  /* free data structures */
1651  SCIPStpunionfindFree(scip, &uf);
1652  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &nodesmark);
1653  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &dfstree);
1654  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &pinned);
1655  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &boundpaths);
1656  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &meminedges);
1657  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &memdist);
1658  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &memvbase);
1659  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &blists_start);
1660  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &heapsize);
1661  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &scanned);
1662  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &supernodesid);
1663  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &boundedges);
1664  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &lvledges_start);
1665  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &newedges);
1666  /******/
1667  }
1668 
1669 #ifdef SCIP_DEBUG
1670  {
1671  SCIP_Real obj = 0.0;
1672  for( e = 0; e < nedges; e++ )
1673  obj += (best_result[e] > -1) ? graph->cost[e] : 0.0;
1674 
1675  printf(" ObjAfterHeurLocal=%.12e\n", obj);
1676  }
1677 #endif
1678 
1679 #ifndef NDEBUG
1680  assert(SCIPisLE(scip, graph_sol_getObj(graph->cost, best_result, 0.0, nedges), initialobj));
1681 #endif
1682 
1683  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &steinertree);
1684  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &nodes);
1685  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &vbase);
1686  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &vnoi);
1687 
1688  return SCIP_OKAY;
1689 }
1690 
1691 /** Greedy Extension local heuristic for (R)PC and MW */
1693  SCIP* scip, /**< SCIP data structure */
1694  GRAPH* graph, /**< graph data structure */
1695  const SCIP_Real* cost, /**< edge cost array*/
1696  PATH* path, /**< shortest data structure array */
1697  int* stedge, /**< initialized array to indicate whether an edge is part of the Steiner tree */
1698  STP_Bool* stvertex, /**< uninitialized array to indicate whether a vertex is part of the Steiner tree */
1699  SCIP_Bool* extensions /**< pointer to store whether extensions have been made */
1700  )
1701 {
1703  int candidatesup[MAX(GREEDY_EXTENSIONS, GREEDY_EXTENSIONS_MW)];
1704 
1705  PATH* orgpath;
1706  SCIP_PQUEUE* pqueue;
1707  SCIP_Real bestsolval;
1708  int i;
1709  int root;
1710  int nedges;
1711  int nnodes;
1712  int nextensions;
1713  int greedyextensions;
1714  STP_Bool* stvertextmp;
1715 
1716  assert(scip != NULL);
1717  assert(path != NULL);
1718  assert(graph != NULL);
1719  assert(stedge != NULL);
1720  assert(cost != NULL);
1721  assert(stvertex != NULL);
1722 
1723  root = graph->source;
1724  nnodes = graph->knots;
1725  nedges = graph->edges;
1726 
1727  graph_pc_2transcheck(graph);
1728  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &stvertextmp, nnodes) );
1729  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &orgpath, nnodes) );
1730 
1731  /* initialize solution vertex array with FALSE */
1732  BMSclearMemoryArray(stvertex, nnodes);
1733 
1734  stvertex[graph->source] = TRUE;
1735  path[graph->source].edge = UNKNOWN;
1736 
1737  for( int e = 0; e < nedges; e++ )
1738  if( stedge[e] == CONNECT )
1739  {
1740  i = graph->head[e];
1741  path[i].edge = e;
1742  stvertex[i] = TRUE;
1743  }
1744 
1745  graph_path_st_pcmw_extend(scip, graph, cost, path, stvertex, extensions);
1746 
1747  BMScopyMemoryArray(orgpath, path, nnodes);
1748 
1749  if( graph->stp_type == STP_MWCSP )
1750  greedyextensions = GREEDY_EXTENSIONS_MW;
1751  else
1752  greedyextensions = GREEDY_EXTENSIONS;
1753 
1754  /*** compute solution value and save greedyextensions many best unconnected nodes ***/
1755 
1756  SCIP_CALL( SCIPpqueueCreate(&pqueue, greedyextensions, 2.0, GNODECmpByDist, NULL) );
1757 
1758  bestsolval = 0.0;
1759  nextensions = 0;
1760  for( i = 0; i < nnodes; i++ )
1761  {
1762  if( graph->grad[i] == 0 )
1763  continue;
1764 
1765  if( Is_term(graph->term[i]) )
1766  {
1767  if( i != root )
1768  {
1769  int e;
1770  SCIP_Bool connect = FALSE;
1771  SCIP_Real ecost = -1.0;
1772  for( e = graph->inpbeg[i]; e != EAT_LAST; e = graph->ieat[e] )
1773  {
1774  if( root == graph->tail[e] )
1775  ecost = graph->cost[e];
1776  else if( stvertex[graph->tail[e]] )
1777  connect = TRUE;
1778  }
1779 
1780  if( !connect )
1781  bestsolval += ecost;
1782  }
1783  }
1784  else if( stvertex[i] )
1785  {
1786  bestsolval += graph->cost[orgpath[i].edge];
1787  }
1788  else if( orgpath[i].edge != UNKNOWN && Is_pterm(graph->term[i]) )
1789  {
1790  if( nextensions < greedyextensions )
1791  {
1792  candidates[nextensions].dist = graph->prize[i] - path[i].dist;
1793  candidates[nextensions].number = i;
1794 
1795  SCIP_CALL( SCIPpqueueInsert(pqueue, &(candidates[nextensions++])) );
1796  }
1797  else
1798  {
1799  /* get candidate vertex of minimum value */
1800  GNODE* min = (GNODE*) SCIPpqueueFirst(pqueue);
1801  if( SCIPisLT(scip, min->dist, graph->prize[i] - path[i].dist) )
1802  {
1803  min = (GNODE*) SCIPpqueueRemove(pqueue);
1804  min->dist = graph->prize[i] - path[i].dist;
1805  min->number = i;
1806  SCIP_CALL( SCIPpqueueInsert(pqueue, min) );
1807  }
1808  }
1809  }
1810  }
1811 
1812  for( int restartcount = 0; restartcount < GREEDY_MAXRESTARTS; restartcount++ )
1813  {
1814  int l = 0;
1815  SCIP_Bool extensionstmp = FALSE;
1816 
1817  i = nextensions;
1818 
1819  /* write extension candidates into array, from max to min */
1820  while( SCIPpqueueNElems(pqueue) > 0 )
1821  {
1822  GNODE* min = (GNODE*) SCIPpqueueRemove(pqueue);
1823  assert(i > 0);
1824  candidatesup[--i] = min->number;
1825  }
1826  assert(i == 0);
1827 
1828  /* iteratively insert new subpaths and try to improve solution */
1829  for( ; l < nextensions; l++ )
1830  {
1831  i = candidatesup[l];
1832  if( !stvertex[i] )
1833  {
1834  SCIP_Real newsolval = 0.0;
1835  int k = i;
1836 
1837  BMScopyMemoryArray(stvertextmp, stvertex, nnodes);
1838  BMScopyMemoryArray(path, orgpath, nnodes);
1839 
1840  /* add new extension */
1841  while( !stvertextmp[k] )
1842  {
1843  stvertextmp[k] = TRUE;
1844  assert(orgpath[k].edge != UNKNOWN);
1845  k = graph->tail[orgpath[k].edge];
1846  }
1847 
1848  graph_path_st_pcmw_extend(scip, graph, cost, path, stvertextmp, &extensionstmp);
1849 
1850  for( int j = 0; j < nnodes; j++ )
1851  {
1852  if( graph->grad[j] == 0 )
1853  continue;
1854 
1855  if( Is_term(graph->term[j]) )
1856  {
1857  if( j != root )
1858  {
1859  int e;
1860  SCIP_Bool connect = FALSE;
1861  SCIP_Real ecost = -1.0;
1862  for( e = graph->inpbeg[j]; e != EAT_LAST; e = graph->ieat[e] )
1863  {
1864  if( root == graph->tail[e] )
1865  ecost = graph->cost[e];
1866  else if( stvertextmp[graph->tail[e]] )
1867  connect = TRUE;
1868  }
1869 
1870  if( !connect )
1871  newsolval += ecost;
1872  }
1873  }
1874  else if( stvertextmp[j] )
1875  {
1876  newsolval += graph->cost[path[j].edge];
1877  }
1878  }
1879 
1880  /* new solution value better than old one? */
1881  if( SCIPisLT(scip, newsolval, bestsolval) )
1882  {
1883  *extensions = TRUE;
1884 
1885  bestsolval = newsolval;
1886  BMScopyMemoryArray(stvertex, stvertextmp, nnodes);
1887 
1888  /* save greedyextensions many best unconnected nodes */
1889  nextensions = 0;
1890 
1891  for( int j = 0; j < nnodes; j++ )
1892  {
1893  orgpath[j].edge = path[j].edge;
1894  orgpath[j].dist = path[j].dist;
1895  if( !stvertex[j] && Is_pterm(graph->term[j]) && path[j].edge != UNKNOWN )
1896  {
1897  if( nextensions < greedyextensions )
1898  {
1899  candidates[nextensions].dist = graph->prize[j] - path[j].dist;
1900  candidates[nextensions].number = j;
1901 
1902  SCIP_CALL( SCIPpqueueInsert(pqueue, &(candidates[nextensions++])) );
1903  }
1904  else
1905  {
1906  /* get candidate vertex of minimum value */
1907  GNODE* min = (GNODE*) SCIPpqueueFirst(pqueue);
1908  if( SCIPisLT(scip, min->dist, graph->prize[j] - path[j].dist) )
1909  {
1910  min = (GNODE*) SCIPpqueueRemove(pqueue);
1911  min->dist = graph->prize[j] - path[j].dist;
1912  min->number = j;
1913  SCIP_CALL( SCIPpqueueInsert(pqueue, min) );
1914  }
1915  }
1916  }
1917  }
1918 
1919  break;
1920  } /* if new solution value better than old one? */
1921  } /* if !stvertex[i] */
1922  } /* for l < nextension */
1923  /* no more extensions performed? */
1924  if( l == nextensions )
1925  break;
1926  } /* main loop */
1927 
1928  /* have vertices been added? */
1929  if( *extensions )
1930  {
1931  SCIPdebugMessage("SCIPStpHeurLocalExtendPcMw found extensions \n");
1932  for( int e = 0; e < nedges; e++ )
1933  stedge[e] = UNKNOWN;
1934  SCIP_CALL( SCIPStpHeurTMPrunePc(scip, graph, cost, stedge, stvertex) );
1935  }
1936 
1937  SCIPpqueueFree(&pqueue);
1938  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &orgpath);
1939  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &stvertextmp);
1940 
1941 #ifdef SCIP_DEBUG
1942  {
1943  SCIP_Real t = 0.0;
1944  for( int e = 0; e < nedges; e++ )
1945  if( stedge[e] == CONNECT )
1946  t += graph->cost[e];
1947 
1948  SCIPdebugMessage("SCIPStpHeurLocalExtendPcMw: exit real cost %f \n", t);
1949  }
1950 #endif
1951 
1952  return SCIP_OKAY;
1953 }
1954 
1955 
1956 
1957 /*
1958  * Callback methods of primal heuristic
1959  */
1960 
1961 /** copy method for primal heuristic plugins (called when SCIP copies plugins) */
1962 static
1963 SCIP_DECL_HEURCOPY(heurCopyLocal)
1964 { /*lint --e{715}*/
1965  assert(scip != NULL);
1966  assert(heur != NULL);
1967  assert(strcmp(SCIPheurGetName(heur), HEUR_NAME) == 0);
1968 
1969  /* call inclusion method of primal heuristic */
1971 
1972  return SCIP_OKAY;
1973 }
1974 
1975 /** destructor of primal heuristic to free user data (called when SCIP is exiting) */
1976 static
1977 SCIP_DECL_HEURFREE(heurFreeLocal)
1978 { /*lint --e{715}*/
1979  SCIP_HEURDATA* heurdata;
1980 
1981  assert(heur != NULL);
1982  assert(strcmp(SCIPheurGetName(heur), HEUR_NAME) == 0);
1983  assert(scip != NULL);
1984 
1985  /* free heuristic data */
1986  heurdata = SCIPheurGetData(heur);
1987  assert(heurdata != NULL);
1988  SCIPfreeMemory(scip, &heurdata);
1989  SCIPheurSetData(heur, NULL);
1990 
1991  return SCIP_OKAY;
1992 }
1993 
1994 /** solving process initialization method of primal heuristic (called when branch and bound process is about to begin) */
1995 static
1996 SCIP_DECL_HEURINITSOL(heurInitsolLocal)
1997 { /*lint --e{715}*/
1998  SCIP_HEURDATA* heurdata;
1999 
2000  assert(heur != NULL);
2001  assert(strcmp(SCIPheurGetName(heur), HEUR_NAME) == 0);
2002  assert(scip != NULL);
2003 
2004  /* free heuristic data */
2005  heurdata = SCIPheurGetData(heur);
2006 
2007  heurdata->nfails = 1;
2008  heurdata->nbestsols = DEFAULT_NBESTSOLS;
2009 
2010  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocMemoryArray(scip, &(heurdata->lastsolindices), heurdata->maxnsols) );
2011 
2012  for( int i = 0; i < heurdata->maxnsols; i++ )
2013  heurdata->lastsolindices[i] = -1;
2014 
2015  return SCIP_OKAY;
2016 }
2017 
2018 
2019 /** solving process deinitialization method of primal heuristic (called before branch and bound process data is freed) */
2020 static
2021 SCIP_DECL_HEUREXITSOL(heurExitsolLocal)
2022 { /*lint --e{715}*/
2023  SCIP_HEURDATA* heurdata;
2024 
2025  assert(heur != NULL);
2026  assert(strcmp(SCIPheurGetName(heur), HEUR_NAME) == 0);
2027  assert(scip != NULL);
2028 
2029  /* free heuristic data */
2030  heurdata = SCIPheurGetData(heur);
2031  assert(heurdata != NULL);
2032  assert(heurdata->lastsolindices != NULL);
2033  SCIPfreeMemoryArray(scip, &(heurdata->lastsolindices));
2034 
2035  return SCIP_OKAY;
2036 }
2037 
2038 
2039 
2040 /** execution method of primal heuristic */
2041 static
2042 SCIP_DECL_HEUREXEC(heurExecLocal)
2043 { /*lint --e{715}*/
2044  SCIP_HEURDATA* heurdata;
2045  SCIP_PROBDATA* probdata;
2046  GRAPH* graph; /* graph structure */
2047  SCIP_SOL* newsol; /* new solution */
2048  SCIP_SOL* impsol; /* new improved solution */
2049  SCIP_SOL** sols; /* solutions */
2050  SCIP_VAR** vars; /* SCIP variables */
2051  SCIP_Real pobj;
2052  SCIP_Real* nval;
2053  SCIP_Real* xval;
2054  int i;
2055  int e;
2056  int v;
2057  int min;
2058  int root;
2059  int nvars;
2060  int nsols; /* number of all solutions found so far */
2061  int nedges;
2062  int* results;
2063  int* lastsolindices;
2064  SCIP_Bool feasible;
2065 
2066  assert(heur != NULL);
2067  assert(scip != NULL);
2068  assert(strcmp(SCIPheurGetName(heur), HEUR_NAME) == 0);
2069  assert(result != NULL);
2070 
2071  /* get heuristic data */
2072  heurdata = SCIPheurGetData(heur);
2073  assert(heurdata != NULL);
2074  lastsolindices = heurdata->lastsolindices;
2075  assert(lastsolindices != NULL);
2076 
2077  probdata = SCIPgetProbData(scip);
2078  assert(probdata != NULL);
2079 
2080  graph = SCIPprobdataGetGraph(probdata);
2081  assert(graph != NULL);
2082 
2083  *result = SCIP_DIDNOTRUN;
2084 
2085  /* the local heuristics may not work correctly for several problem variants*/
2086  if( graph->stp_type != STP_SPG && graph->stp_type != STP_RSMT && graph->stp_type != STP_OARSMT &&
2087  graph->stp_type != STP_PCSPG && graph->stp_type != STP_RPCSPG && graph->stp_type != STP_GSTP
2088  && graph->stp_type != STP_MWCSP )
2089  return SCIP_OKAY;
2090 
2091  /* don't run local in a Subscip */
2092  if( SCIPgetSubscipDepth(scip) > 0 )
2093  return SCIP_OKAY;
2094 
2095  /* no solution available? */
2096  if( SCIPgetBestSol(scip) == NULL )
2097  return SCIP_OKAY;
2098 
2099  root = graph->source;
2100  sols = SCIPgetSols(scip);
2101  nsols = SCIPgetNSols(scip);
2102  nedges = graph->edges;
2103 
2104  assert(heurdata->maxnsols >= 0);
2105 
2106  min = MIN(heurdata->maxnsols, nsols);
2107 
2108  /* only process each solution once */
2109  for( v = 0; v < min; v++ )
2110  {
2111  if( SCIPsolGetIndex(sols[v]) != lastsolindices[v] )
2112  {
2113  /* shift all solution indices right of the new solution index */
2114  for( i = min - 1; i >= v + 1; i-- )
2115  lastsolindices[i] = lastsolindices[i - 1];
2116  break;
2117  }
2118  }
2119 
2120  /* no new solution available? */
2121  if( v == min )
2122  return SCIP_OKAY;
2123 
2124  newsol = sols[v];
2125  lastsolindices[v] = SCIPsolGetIndex(newsol);
2126 
2127  /* solution not good enough? */
2128  if( (v > heurdata->nbestsols && !(heurdata->maxfreq)) && graph->stp_type != STP_MWCSP )
2129  return SCIP_OKAY;
2130 
2131  /* has the new solution been found by this very heuristic? */
2132  if( SCIPsolGetHeur(newsol) == heur )
2133  return SCIP_OKAY;
2134 
2135  *result = SCIP_DIDNOTFIND;
2136 
2137  vars = SCIPprobdataGetVars(scip);
2138  nvars = SCIPprobdataGetNVars(scip);
2139  xval = SCIPprobdataGetXval(scip, newsol);
2140 
2141  if( vars == NULL )
2142  return SCIP_OKAY;
2143 
2144  assert(vars != NULL);
2145  assert(xval != NULL);
2146 
2147  /* for PC variants: test whether solution is trivial */
2148  if( graph->stp_type == STP_PCSPG || graph->stp_type == STP_RPCSPG || graph->stp_type == STP_MWCSP )
2149  {
2150  for( e = graph->outbeg[root]; e != EAT_LAST; e = graph->oeat[e] )
2151  if( !Is_term(graph->term[graph->head[e]]) && SCIPisEQ(scip, xval[e], 1.0) )
2152  break;
2153  if( e == EAT_LAST )
2154  return SCIP_OKAY;
2155  }
2156 
2157  /* allocate memory */
2158  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &results, nedges) );
2159  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &nval, nvars) );
2160 
2161  /* set solution array */
2162  for( e = 0; e < nedges; e++ )
2163  {
2164  if( SCIPisEQ(scip, xval[e], 1.0) )
2165  results[e] = CONNECT;
2166  else
2167  results[e] = UNKNOWN;
2168  }
2169 
2170  if( !graph_sol_valid(scip, graph, results) )
2171  {
2172  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &nval);
2173  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &results);
2174  return SCIP_OKAY;
2175  }
2176 
2177  /* pruning necessary? */
2178  if( SCIPsolGetHeur(newsol) == NULL ||
2179  !(strcmp(SCIPheurGetName(SCIPsolGetHeur(newsol)), "rec") == 0 ||
2180  strcmp(SCIPheurGetName(SCIPsolGetHeur(newsol)), "TM") == 0) )
2181  {
2182  const int nnodes = graph->knots;
2183  STP_Bool* steinertree;
2184  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, &steinertree, nnodes) );
2185  assert(graph_sol_valid(scip, graph, results));
2186 
2187  for( v = nnodes - 1; v >= 0; --v )
2188  steinertree[v] = FALSE;
2189 
2190  for( e = nedges - 1; e >= 0; --e )
2191  {
2192  if( results[e] == CONNECT )
2193  {
2194  steinertree[graph->tail[e]] = TRUE;
2195  steinertree[graph->head[e]] = TRUE;
2196  }
2197  results[e] = UNKNOWN;
2198  }
2199 
2200  if( graph->stp_type == STP_PCSPG || graph->stp_type == STP_RPCSPG || graph->stp_type == STP_MWCSP )
2201  SCIP_CALL( SCIPStpHeurTMPrunePc(scip, graph, graph->cost, results, steinertree) );
2202  else
2203  SCIP_CALL( SCIPStpHeurTMPrune(scip, graph, graph->cost, 0, results, steinertree) );
2204 
2205  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &steinertree);
2206  }
2207 
2208  /* execute local heuristics */
2209  SCIP_CALL( SCIPStpHeurLocalRun(scip, graph, graph->cost, results) );
2210 
2211  /* can we connect the network */
2212  for( v = 0; v < nvars; v++ )
2213  nval[v] = (results[v % nedges] == (v / nedges)) ? 1.0 : 0.0;
2214 
2215  SCIP_CALL( SCIPStpValidateSol(scip, graph, nval, &feasible) );
2216 
2217  /* solution feasible? */
2218  if( feasible )
2219  {
2220  assert(nedges == nvars);
2221 
2222  pobj = 0.0;
2223 
2224  for( v = 0; v < nedges; v++ )
2225  pobj += graph->cost[v] * nval[v];
2226 
2227  /* has solution been improved? */
2228  if( SCIPisGT(scip, SCIPgetSolOrigObj(scip, newsol) - SCIPprobdataGetOffset(scip), pobj) )
2229  {
2230  SCIP_SOL* bestsol;
2231  SCIP_Bool success;
2232 
2233  bestsol = sols[0];
2234  impsol = NULL;
2235  SCIP_CALL( SCIPprobdataAddNewSol(scip, nval, impsol, heur, &success) );
2236 
2237  if( success )
2238  {
2239  *result = SCIP_FOUNDSOL;
2240 
2241  if( heurdata->nbestsols < heurdata->maxnsols && SCIPisGT(scip, SCIPgetSolOrigObj(scip, bestsol) - SCIPprobdataGetOffset(scip), pobj) )
2242  {
2243  heurdata->nfails = 0;
2244  heurdata->nbestsols++;
2245  }
2246  SCIPdebugMessage("success in local: old: %f new: %f \n", (SCIPgetSolOrigObj(scip, bestsol) - SCIPprobdataGetOffset(scip)), pobj);
2247  }
2248  }
2249  }
2250 
2251  if( *result != SCIP_FOUNDSOL )
2252  {
2253  heurdata->nfails++;
2254  if( heurdata->nbestsols > DEFAULT_MINNBESTSOLS && heurdata->nfails > 1 && graph->stp_type != STP_MWCSP )
2255  heurdata->nbestsols--;
2256 
2257  SCIPdebugMessage("fail! %d \n", heurdata->nbestsols);
2258  }
2259 
2260  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &nval);
2261  SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, &results);
2262 
2263  return SCIP_OKAY;
2264 }
2265 
2266 /*
2267  * primal heuristic specific interface methods
2268  */
2269 
2270 
2271 /** creates the local primal heuristic and includes it in SCIP */
2273  SCIP* scip /**< SCIP data structure */
2274  )
2275 {
2276  SCIP_HEURDATA* heurdata;
2277  SCIP_HEUR* heur;
2278 
2279  /* create Local primal heuristic data */
2280  SCIP_CALL( SCIPallocMemory(scip, &heurdata) );
2281 
2282  /* include primal heuristic */
2283  SCIP_CALL( SCIPincludeHeurBasic(scip, &heur,
2285  HEUR_MAXDEPTH, HEUR_TIMING, HEUR_USESSUBSCIP, heurExecLocal, heurdata) );
2286 
2287  assert(heur != NULL);
2288 
2289  /* set non-NULL pointers to callback methods */
2290  SCIP_CALL( SCIPsetHeurCopy(scip, heur, heurCopyLocal) );
2291  SCIP_CALL( SCIPsetHeurFree(scip, heur, heurFreeLocal) );
2292  SCIP_CALL( SCIPsetHeurInitsol(scip, heur, heurInitsolLocal) );
2293  SCIP_CALL( SCIPsetHeurExitsol(scip, heur, heurExitsolLocal) );
2294 
2295  /* add local primal heuristic parameters */
2296  SCIP_CALL( SCIPaddBoolParam(scip, "stp/duringroot",
2297  "should the heuristic be called during the root node?",
2298  &heurdata->duringroot, FALSE, DEFAULT_DURINGROOT, NULL, NULL) );
2299 
2300  SCIP_CALL( SCIPaddBoolParam(scip, "heuristics/"HEUR_NAME"/maxfreq",
2301  "should the heuristic be executed at maximum frequeny?",
2302  &heurdata->maxfreq, FALSE, DEFAULT_MAXFREQLOC, NULL, NULL) );
2303 
2304  SCIP_CALL( SCIPaddIntParam(scip, "heuristics/"HEUR_NAME"/maxnsols",
2305  "maximum number of best solutions to improve",
2306  &heurdata->maxnsols, FALSE, DEFAULT_MAXNBESTSOLS, 1, 50, NULL, NULL) );
2307 
2308  return SCIP_OKAY;
2309 }
SCIP_RETCODE graph_path_init(SCIP *, GRAPH *)
Definition: grphpath.c:444
#define HEUR_USESSUBSCIP
Definition: heur_local.c:50
SCIP_Bool SCIPisEQ(SCIP *scip, SCIP_Real val1, SCIP_Real val2)
void * SCIPpqueueRemove(SCIP_PQUEUE *pqueue)
Definition: misc.c:1434
#define HEUR_DESC
Definition: heur_local.c:42
SCIP_Bool SCIPisPositive(SCIP *scip, SCIP_Real val)
void graph_voronoi(SCIP *scip, const GRAPH *, SCIP_Real *, SCIP_Real *, STP_Bool *, int *, PATH *)
Definition: grphpath.c:1751
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPStpunionfindInit(SCIP *scip, UF *uf, int length)
Definition: misc_stp.c:689
void SCIPpqueueFree(SCIP_PQUEUE **pqueue)
Definition: misc.c:1263
SCIP_Real SCIPlinkcuttreeFindMinChain(SCIP *scip, const SCIP_Real *nodeweight, const int *head, const int *stdeg, const NODE *start, NODE **first, NODE **last)
Definition: misc_stp.c:258
const char * SCIPheurGetName(SCIP_HEUR *heur)
Definition: heur.c:1429
int *RESTRICT head
Definition: grph.h:96
Definition: grph.h:57
int source
Definition: grph.h:67
void * SCIPpqueueFirst(SCIP_PQUEUE *pqueue)
Definition: misc.c:1454
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPsetHeurExitsol(SCIP *scip, SCIP_HEUR *heur, SCIP_DECL_HEUREXITSOL((*heurexitsol)))
Definition: scip_heur.c:233
#define STP_GSTP
Definition: grph.h:49
SCIP_HEURDATA * SCIPheurGetData(SCIP_HEUR *heur)
Definition: heur.c:1340
#define SCIPfreeMemoryArray(scip, ptr)
Definition: scip_mem.h:69
signed int edge
Definition: grph.h:146
#define MST_MODE
Definition: grph.h:162
SCIP_Bool graph_valid(const GRAPH *)
Definition: grphbase.c:4328
int terms
Definition: grph.h:64
SCIP_VAR ** SCIPprobdataGetVars(SCIP *scip)
struct ST_Node * parent
Definition: misc_stp.h:60
#define SCIPallocMemoryArray(scip, ptr, num)
Definition: scip_mem.h:53
void SCIPpairheapMeldheaps(SCIP *scip, PHNODE **root1, PHNODE **root2, int *sizeroot1, int *sizeroot2)
Definition: misc_stp.c:599
#define GREEDY_EXTENSIONS
Definition: heur_local.c:61
#define EAT_LAST
Definition: grph.h:31
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPStpIncludeHeurLocal(SCIP *scip)
Definition: heur_local.c:2272
#define HEUR_PRIORITY
Definition: heur_local.c:44
static SCIP_DECL_HEURCOPY(heurCopyLocal)
Definition: heur_local.c:1963
#define FALSE
Definition: def.h:73
int *RESTRICT inpbeg
Definition: grph.h:74
SCIP_EXPORT SCIP_HEUR * SCIPsolGetHeur(SCIP_SOL *sol)
Definition: sol.c:2604
int *RESTRICT path_state
Definition: grph.h:119
void graph_free(SCIP *, GRAPH **, SCIP_Bool)
Definition: grphbase.c:3678
Problem data for stp problem.
#define TRUE
Definition: def.h:72
enum SCIP_Retcode SCIP_RETCODE
Definition: type_retcode.h:54
void graph_path_exit(SCIP *, GRAPH *)
Definition: grphpath.c:466
int SCIPpqueueNElems(SCIP_PQUEUE *pqueue)
Definition: misc.c:1468
#define HEUR_MAXDEPTH
Definition: heur_local.c:47
SCIP_PROBDATA * SCIPgetProbData(SCIP *scip)
Definition: scip_prob.c:962
int SCIPprobdataGetNVars(SCIP *scip)
struct SCIP_HeurData SCIP_HEURDATA
Definition: type_heur.h:67
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPaddBoolParam(SCIP *scip, const char *name, const char *desc, SCIP_Bool *valueptr, SCIP_Bool isadvanced, SCIP_Bool defaultvalue, SCIP_DECL_PARAMCHGD((*paramchgd)), SCIP_PARAMDATA *paramdata)
Definition: scip_param.c:48
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPpairheapDeletemin(SCIP *scip, int *element, SCIP_Real *key, PHNODE **root, int *size)
Definition: misc_stp.c:562
#define SCIPfreeBlockMemory(scip, ptr)
Definition: scip_mem.h:95
#define STP_PCSPG
Definition: grph.h:40
#define SCIPdebugMessage
Definition: pub_message.h:87
void graph_voronoiRepair(SCIP *, const GRAPH *, SCIP_Real *, int *, int *, PATH *, int *, int, UF *)
Definition: grphpath.c:2979
void SCIPpairheapFree(SCIP *scip, PHNODE **root)
Definition: misc_stp.c:627
#define SCIPfreeBufferArray(scip, ptr)
Definition: scip_mem.h:123
int number
Definition: misc_stp.h:43
#define SCIPallocBlockMemory(scip, ptr)
Definition: scip_mem.h:78
NODE * SCIPlinkcuttreeFindMax(SCIP *scip, const SCIP_Real *cost, NODE *v)
Definition: misc_stp.c:327
GRAPH * SCIPprobdataGetGraph(SCIP_PROBDATA *probdata)
int *RESTRICT mark
Definition: grph.h:70
void graph_voronoiRepairMult(SCIP *, const GRAPH *, SCIP_Real *, int *, int *, int *, int *, STP_Bool *, UF *, PATH *)
Definition: grphpath.c:3057
int SCIPgetNSols(SCIP *scip)
Definition: scip_sol.c:2206
SCIP_Bool SCIPisLE(SCIP *scip, SCIP_Real val1, SCIP_Real val2)
#define HEUR_FREQ
Definition: heur_local.c:45
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPincludeHeurBasic(SCIP *scip, SCIP_HEUR **heur, const char *name, const char *desc, char dispchar, int priority, int freq, int freqofs, int maxdepth, SCIP_HEURTIMING timingmask, SCIP_Bool usessubscip, SCIP_DECL_HEUREXEC((*heurexec)), SCIP_HEURDATA *heurdata)
Definition: scip_heur.c:108
#define DEFAULT_DURINGROOT
Definition: heur_local.c:52
int *RESTRICT oeat
Definition: grph.h:103
#define CONNECT
Definition: grph.h:154
int stp_type
Definition: grph.h:127
void graph_path_st_pcmw_extend(SCIP *, const GRAPH *, const SCIP_Real *, PATH *, STP_Bool *, SCIP_Bool *)
Definition: grphpath.c:1410
void heap_add(int *, int *, int *, int, PATH *)
Definition: grphpath.c:244
#define Is_pterm(a)
Definition: grph.h:169
static SCIP_DECL_HEURINITSOL(heurInitsolLocal)
Definition: heur_local.c:1996
unsigned char STP_Bool
Definition: grph.h:52
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPprobdataAddNewSol(SCIP *scip, SCIP_Real *nval, SCIP_SOL *sol, SCIP_HEUR *heur, SCIP_Bool *success)
SCIP_Real SCIPprobdataGetOffset(SCIP *scip)
SCIP_Real dist
Definition: misc_stp.h:44
SCIP_Real * prize
Definition: grph.h:82
int edge
Definition: misc_stp.h:59
#define GREEDY_EXTENSIONS_MW
Definition: heur_local.c:60
SCIP_Real dist
Definition: grph.h:145
int *RESTRICT grad
Definition: grph.h:73
#define HEUR_TIMING
Definition: heur_local.c:48
#define DEFAULT_MAXFREQLOC
Definition: heur_local.c:53
SCIP_Bool graph_sol_valid(SCIP *, const GRAPH *, const int *)
Definition: grphbase.c:3070
void SCIPheurSetData(SCIP_HEUR *heur, SCIP_HEURDATA *heurdata)
Definition: heur.c:1350
#define NULL
Definition: lpi_spx1.cpp:155
void SCIPStpunionfindClear(SCIP *scip, UF *uf, int length)
Definition: misc_stp.c:708
void graph_path_exec(SCIP *, const GRAPH *, const int, int, const SCIP_Real *, PATH *)
Definition: grphpath.c:491
int knots
Definition: grph.h:62
#define SCIP_CALL(x)
Definition: def.h:370
void SCIPStpunionfindUnion(UF *uf, int p, int q, SCIP_Bool compress)
Definition: misc_stp.c:752
int SCIPStpunionfindFind(UF *uf, int element)
Definition: misc_stp.c:728
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPStpHeurLocalExtendPcMw(SCIP *scip, GRAPH *graph, const SCIP_Real *cost, PATH *path, int *stedge, STP_Bool *stvertex, SCIP_Bool *extensions)
Definition: heur_local.c:1692
void SCIPlinkcuttreeInit(NODE *v)
Definition: misc_stp.c:227
Improvement heuristic for Steiner problems.
void SCIPlinkcuttreeEvert(NODE *v)
Definition: misc_stp.c:352
static SCIP_DECL_HEURFREE(heurFreeLocal)
Definition: heur_local.c:1977
#define FARAWAY
Definition: grph.h:156
int GNODECmpByDist(void *first_arg, void *second_arg)
#define STP_SPG
Definition: grph.h:38
#define SCIPallocBufferArray(scip, ptr, num)
Definition: scip_mem.h:111
void SCIPlinkcuttreeLink(NODE *v, NODE *w, int edge)
Definition: misc_stp.c:236
#define SCIP_Bool
Definition: def.h:70
int *RESTRICT ieat
Definition: grph.h:102
int *RESTRICT path_heap
Definition: grph.h:118
#define STP_MWCSP
Definition: grph.h:47
int *RESTRICT tail
Definition: grph.h:95
#define DEFAULT_MINNBESTSOLS
Definition: heur_local.c:56
#define MAX(x, y)
Definition: tclique_def.h:83
SCIP_EXPORT int SCIPsolGetIndex(SCIP_SOL *sol)
Definition: sol.c:2635
SCIP_Bool SCIPisNegative(SCIP *scip, SCIP_Real val)
static SCIP_DECL_HEUREXEC(heurExecLocal)
Definition: heur_local.c:2042
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPStpValidateSol(SCIP *, const GRAPH *, const double *, SCIP_Bool *)
Definition: validate.c:136
int *RESTRICT term
Definition: grph.h:68
SCIP_Real graph_sol_getObj(const SCIP_Real *, const int *, SCIP_Real, int)
Definition: grphbase.c:3200
#define BMScopyMemoryArray(ptr, source, num)
Definition: memory.h:126
static SCIP_DECL_HEUREXITSOL(heurExitsolLocal)
Definition: heur_local.c:2021
#define SCIPfreeMemory(scip, ptr)
Definition: scip_mem.h:67
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPpairheapInsert(SCIP *scip, PHNODE **root, int element, SCIP_Real key, int *size)
Definition: misc_stp.c:528
static STP_Bool nodeIsCrucial(const GRAPH *graph, int *steineredges, int node)
Definition: heur_local.c:175
#define Is_term(a)
Definition: grph.h:168
#define EAT_FREE
Definition: grph.h:30
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPpqueueCreate(SCIP_PQUEUE **pqueue, int initsize, SCIP_Real sizefac, SCIP_DECL_SORTPTRCOMP((*ptrcomp)), SCIP_DECL_PQUEUEELEMCHGPOS((*elemchgpos)))
Definition: misc.c:1236
struct SCIP_ProbData SCIP_PROBDATA
Definition: type_prob.h:44
SCIP_SOL ** SCIPgetSols(SCIP *scip)
Definition: scip_sol.c:2255
SCIP_Real * cost
Definition: grph.h:94
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPsetHeurCopy(SCIP *scip, SCIP_HEUR *heur, SCIP_DECL_HEURCOPY((*heurcopy)))
Definition: scip_heur.c:153
void SCIPlinkcuttreeCut(NODE *v)
Definition: misc_stp.c:249
#define GREEDY_MAXRESTARTS
Definition: heur_local.c:59
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPaddIntParam(SCIP *scip, const char *name, const char *desc, int *valueptr, SCIP_Bool isadvanced, int defaultvalue, int minvalue, int maxvalue, SCIP_DECL_PARAMCHGD((*paramchgd)), SCIP_PARAMDATA *paramdata)
Definition: scip_param.c:74
#define HEUR_NAME
Definition: heur_local.c:41
void SCIPStpunionfindFree(SCIP *scip, UF *uf)
Definition: misc_stp.c:795
static void dfsorder(const GRAPH *graph, const int *edges, const int *node, int *counter, int *dfst)
Definition: heur_local.c:86
#define SCIP_Real
Definition: def.h:163
SCIP_Bool SCIPisLT(SCIP *scip, SCIP_Real val1, SCIP_Real val2)
SCIP_Bool SCIPisGT(SCIP *scip, SCIP_Real val1, SCIP_Real val2)
SCIP_Real * SCIPprobdataGetXval(SCIP *scip, SCIP_SOL *sol)
int *RESTRICT outbeg
Definition: grph.h:76
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPStpHeurTMPrunePc(SCIP *scip, const GRAPH *g, const SCIP_Real *cost, int *result, STP_Bool *connected)
Definition: heur_tm.c:167
#define DEFAULT_NBESTSOLS
Definition: heur_local.c:55
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPStpHeurLocalRun(SCIP *scip, GRAPH *graph, const SCIP_Real *cost, int *best_result)
Definition: heur_local.c:208
shortest paths based primal heuristics for Steiner problems
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPsetHeurInitsol(SCIP *scip, SCIP_HEUR *heur, SCIP_DECL_HEURINITSOL((*heurinitsol)))
Definition: scip_heur.c:217
int edges
Definition: grph.h:92
#define flipedge(edge)
Definition: grph.h:150
void graph_knot_add(GRAPH *, int)
Definition: grphbase.c:2200
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPsetHeurFree(SCIP *scip, SCIP_HEUR *heur, SCIP_DECL_HEURFREE((*heurfree)))
Definition: scip_heur.c:169
#define SCIPallocMemory(scip, ptr)
Definition: scip_mem.h:51
#define UNKNOWN
Definition: sepa_mcf.c:4095
#define STP_RSMT
Definition: grph.h:45
#define nnodes
Definition: gastrans.c:65
#define STP_OARSMT
Definition: grph.h:46
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPpairheapBuffarr(SCIP *scip, PHNODE *root, int size, int **elements)
Definition: misc_stp.c:670
#define BMSclearMemoryArray(ptr, num)
Definition: memory.h:122
static SCIP_RETCODE lca(SCIP *scip, const GRAPH *graph, int u, UF *uf, STP_Bool *nodesmark, int *steineredges, IDX **lcalists, PHNODE **boundpaths, int *heapsize, int *vbase)
Definition: heur_local.c:113
struct Int_List_Node * parent
Definition: misc_stp.h:76
#define HEUR_FREQOFS
Definition: heur_local.c:46
#define HEUR_DISPCHAR
Definition: heur_local.c:43
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPStpHeurTMPrune(SCIP *scip, const GRAPH *g, const SCIP_Real *cost, int layer, int *result, STP_Bool *connected)
Definition: heur_tm.c:555
void graph_edge_add(SCIP *, GRAPH *, int, int, double, double)
#define STP_RPCSPG
Definition: grph.h:41
#define DEFAULT_MAXNBESTSOLS
Definition: heur_local.c:54
SCIP_SOL * SCIPgetBestSol(SCIP *scip)
Definition: scip_sol.c:2305
int SCIPgetSubscipDepth(SCIP *scip)
Definition: scip_copy.c:2548
SCIP_RETCODE graph_init(SCIP *, GRAPH **, int, int, int)
Definition: grphbase.c:3495
void graph_pc_2transcheck(GRAPH *)
Definition: grphbase.c:1041
SCIP_Real SCIPgetSolOrigObj(SCIP *scip, SCIP_SOL *sol)
Definition: scip_sol.c:1436
SCIP_RETCODE SCIPpqueueInsert(SCIP_PQUEUE *pqueue, void *elem)
Definition: misc.c:1335